Skip to main content
Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoBrown 14th EditionCh.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular ForcesProblema 13b
Capitolo 11, Problema 13b

At standard temperature and pressure, the molar volumes of Cl2 and NH3 gases are 22.06 and 22.40 L, respectively (b) On cooling to 160 K, both substances form crystalline solids. Do you expect the molar volumes to decrease or increase on cooling the gases to 160 K?

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Step 1: Understand the concept of molar volume. The molar volume of a gas is the volume that one mole of the gas occupies at a specific temperature and pressure. At standard temperature and pressure (STP), the molar volumes of most gases are approximately 22.4 L.
Step 2: Consider the state of matter. Gases have the highest molar volumes because their particles are spread out and move freely. In contrast, the particles in solids are tightly packed together, resulting in a lower molar volume.
Step 3: Apply this understanding to the problem. Both Cl2 and NH3 are gases at standard temperature and pressure, but they form crystalline solids when cooled to 160 K.
Step 4: Based on the change in state from gas to solid, we can infer that the molar volumes of Cl2 and NH3 will decrease when they are cooled to 160 K. This is because the particles will be more closely packed in the solid state than in the gaseous state.
Step 5: Therefore, we expect the molar volumes to decrease on cooling the gases to 160 K.

Risposta video verificata per un problema simile:

Questa soluzione video è stata consigliata dai nostri tutor come utile per risolvere questo problema.
Durata del video:
1m

Concetti chiave

Ecco i concetti essenziali che devi comprendere per rispondere correttamente alla domanda.

Molar Volume

Molar volume is the volume occupied by one mole of a substance at a given temperature and pressure, typically measured in liters per mole (L/mol). At standard temperature and pressure (STP), gases have a molar volume of approximately 22.4 L/mol. This concept is crucial for understanding how gases behave under different conditions, including changes in temperature.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
01:21
Standard Molar Volume

Phase Changes

Phase changes refer to the transitions between solid, liquid, and gas states of matter, driven by temperature and pressure changes. When gases cool, they can condense into liquids or solidify into solids, which typically results in a decrease in volume due to the closer packing of particles in the solid state. Understanding these transitions helps predict how substances behave when subjected to temperature changes.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
01:46
Entropy in Phase Changes

Kinetic Molecular Theory

The Kinetic Molecular Theory explains the behavior of gases in terms of particle motion. It posits that gas particles are in constant, random motion and that temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of these particles. As temperature decreases, the kinetic energy of the particles also decreases, leading to reduced volume as the particles come closer together in a solid state.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
01:19
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo

At standard temperature and pressure, the molar volumes of Cl2 and NH3 gases are 22.06 and 22.40 L, respectively. (c) The densities of crystalline Cl2 and NH3 at 160 K are 2.02 and 0.84 g/cm3, respectively. Calculate their molar volumes.

2410
views
Domanda del libro di testo

At standard temperature and pressure, the molar volumes of Cl2 and NH3 gases are 22.06 and 22.40 L, respectively (d) Are the molar volumes in the solid state as similar as they are in the gaseous state? Explain.

543
views
Domanda del libro di testo

At room temperature, Si is a solid, CCl4 is a liquid, and Ar is a gas. List these substances in order of (a) increasing intermolecular energy of attraction

1604
views