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Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition
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Tutti i libri di testoBrown 14th EditionCh.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and IonsProblema 101a
Capitolo 2, Problema 101a

The first atoms of seaborgium (Sg) were identified in 1974. The longest-lived isotope of Sg has a mass number of 266. (a) How many protons, electrons, and neutrons are in an 266Sg atom?

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Identify the atomic number of seaborgium (Sg) from the periodic table, which is 106. This number represents the number of protons in the atom.
Since the atom is neutral, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. Therefore, the number of electrons is also 106.
The mass number of the isotope is given as 266. The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
To find the number of neutrons, subtract the number of protons from the mass number: Neutrons = Mass number - Protons.
Calculate the number of neutrons using the formula: Neutrons = 266 - 106.

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Atomic Structure

Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus, while neutrons are neutral particles also located in the nucleus. Electrons are negatively charged and orbit the nucleus in electron shells. The number of protons defines the element, while the total number of protons and neutrons gives the mass number.
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Atom Structure

Isotopes

Isotopes are variants of a chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This results in different mass numbers for the isotopes of the same element. For example, seaborgium (Sg) has isotopes with varying mass numbers, and the longest-lived isotope mentioned has a mass number of 266, indicating it has 266 total nucleons (protons + neutrons).
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Isotopes

Elemental Charge Neutrality

In a neutral atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons, balancing the positive and negative charges. For seaborgium, which has an atomic number of 106 (indicating 106 protons), it will also have 106 electrons. To find the number of neutrons in the isotope, subtract the number of protons from the mass number (266 - 106 = 160 neutrons).
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Main Group Element Charges
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