Domanda del libro di testo
A cube of gold that is 1.00 cm on a side has a mass of 19.3 g. A single gold atom has a mass of 197.0 u. (b) From the information given, estimate the diameter in Å of a single gold atom.
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Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement177
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions231
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry216
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution189
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry175
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms168
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements150
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding177
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories200
- Ch.10 - Gases179
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces113
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials154
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions157
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics199
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium128
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria164
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria163
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment105
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics164
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry171
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry122
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals82
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry79
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry16
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 2, Problema 88c
The natural abundance of 3He is 0.000137%. (c) Based on your answer to part (b), what would need to be the precision of a mass spectrometer that is able to differentiate between peaks that are due to 3He+ and 3H+?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Step 1: Understand the problem. The question is asking for the precision of a mass spectrometer that can differentiate between ^3He+ and ^3H+. The precision of a mass spectrometer is determined by its ability to distinguish between two ions with very close mass-to-charge ratios.
Step 2: Recall that the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) is the key parameter that a mass spectrometer uses to differentiate between ions. For a singly charged ion, the m/z ratio is equal to the mass of the ion.
Step 3: Calculate the difference in mass between ^3He+ and ^3H+. The mass of ^3He is approximately 3 atomic mass units (amu) and the mass of ^3H (also known as tritium) is also approximately 3 amu. However, there is a slight difference between the two due to the difference in the number of neutrons.
Step 4: The precision of the mass spectrometer must be greater than this difference in mass in order to differentiate between the two ions. This means that the mass spectrometer must be able to detect differences in mass that are less than the difference between the mass of ^3He and ^3H.
Step 5: Express the required precision as a percentage of the mass of the ions. This is typically how precision is reported for mass spectrometers.
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Mass Spectrometry
Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. It allows for the identification and quantification of different isotopes and molecules in a sample. The precision of a mass spectrometer is crucial for distinguishing between ions with very similar mass, such as isotopes of hydrogen, which is essential in this context.
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02:19
Atomic Mass
Isotopes and Natural Abundance
Isotopes are variants of a chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different masses. The natural abundance of an isotope refers to its relative occurrence in nature, expressed as a percentage. Understanding the natural abundance of isotopes like
3He and
3H is important for determining the required precision in mass spectrometry to differentiate between them.
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04:36Isotopes
Resolution in Mass Spectrometry
Resolution in mass spectrometry refers to the ability of the instrument to distinguish between two closely spaced mass peaks. Higher resolution allows for better differentiation between ions with similar masses, which is critical when analyzing isotopes with small differences in mass. The required resolution can be calculated based on the natural abundance and the expected peak separation of the isotopes in question.
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02:19Atomic Mass
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
A cube of gold that is 1.00 cm on a side has a mass of 19.3 g. A single gold atom has a mass of 197.0 u. (a) How many gold atoms are in the cube?
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Domanda del libro di testo
Suppose a scientist repeats the Millikan oil-drop experiment but reports the charges on the drops using an unusual (and imaginary) unit called the warmomb (wa). The scientist obtains the following data for four of the drops: Droplet Calculated Charge (wa) A 3.84⨉10−8 B 4.80⨉10−8 C 2.88⨉10−8 D 8.64⨉10−8 (d) What is the conversion factor between warmombs and coulombs?
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Domanda del libro di testo
The natural abundance of 3He is 0.000137%. (a) How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of 3He?
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Domanda del libro di testo
The natural abundance of 3He is 0.000137%. (b) Based on the sum of the masses of their subatomic particles, which is expected to be more massive, an atom of 3He or an atom of 3H (which is also called tritium)?
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