Complete the exercises below. For each of the following metals, w...

Question

Complete the exercises below. For each of the following metals, write the electronic configuration of the atom and its 3+ ion: c. Co. Draw the crystal-field energy-level diagram for the d orbitals of an octahedral complex, and show the placement of the d electrons for each 3+ ion, assuming a weak-field complex. How many unpaired electrons are there in each case?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Determine the atomic number of cobalt (Co), which is 27. This tells us that a neutral cobalt atom has 27 electrons.. Step 2: Write the electronic configuration for a neutral cobalt atom. Start by filling the lower energy orbitals first: $$1s^2$$ $$2s^2$$ $$2p^6$$ $$3s^2$$ $$3p^6$$ $$4s^2$$ $$3d^7.. $$Step 3: To find the electronic configuration of the $$Co^{3+}$$ ion, remove three electrons from the neutral atom's configuration. Electrons are removed first from the 4s orbital and then from the 3d orbital: $$Co^{3+} is$$ $$1s^2$$ $$2s^2$$ $$2p^6$$ $$3s^2$$ $$3p^6$$ $$3d^6.. $$Step 4: Draw the crystal-field energy-level diagram for the d orbitals in an octahedral complex. In a weak-field complex, the five d orbitals split into two sets: t_{2g} (lower energy) and e_g (higher energy).. Step 5: Place the six d electrons of $$Co^{3+} in $$the t_{2g} and e_g orbitals according to Hund's rule and the weak-field assumption. Count the number of unpaired electrons in the configuration.

Concetti chiave

Electronic Configuration

Crystal Field Theory

Unpaired Electrons and Magnetic Properties