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Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry

Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition

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Brown 14th Edition

Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry

Problema 3a

Capitolo 3, Problema 3a

The following diagram represents the collection of elements formed by a decomposition reaction. (a) If the blue spheres represent N atoms and the red ones represent O atoms, what was the empirical formula of the original compound?

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1

Identify the number of blue spheres (N atoms) and red spheres (O atoms) in the diagram to determine the ratio of nitrogen to oxygen atoms.

Write down the ratio of nitrogen atoms to oxygen atoms. This ratio will help in determining the empirical formula of the compound.

Simplify the ratio to the smallest whole number ratio. This is done by dividing both numbers by the greatest common divisor.

Use the simplified ratio to write the empirical formula, where the subscript for each element (N and O) corresponds to the number in the simplified ratio.

Verify the empirical formula by ensuring that the total number of atoms in the formula matches the total number of spheres in the diagram.

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Decomposition Reaction

A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction where a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler products. This process often involves the breaking of chemical bonds and can be triggered by heat, light, or electricity. Understanding this concept is crucial for identifying the original compound from which the elements in the diagram were derived.

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Empirical Formula

The empirical formula of a compound represents the simplest whole-number ratio of the elements present in that compound. It does not provide information about the actual number of atoms in a molecule but rather the relative proportions of each element. In the context of the question, determining the empirical formula requires analyzing the ratio of nitrogen (N) to oxygen (O) atoms represented by the spheres.

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Element Representation in Diagrams

In chemical diagrams, different shapes or colors are often used to represent various elements. In this case, blue spheres symbolize nitrogen atoms, while red spheres represent oxygen atoms. Accurately interpreting these representations is essential for deducing the composition of the original compound and calculating its empirical formula based on the quantities of each type of atom shown.

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Pratica correlata

Domanda del libro di testo

The following diagram shows the combination reaction between hydrogen, H₂, and carbon monoxide, CO, to produce methanol, CH₃OH (white spheres are H, black spheres are C, red spheres are O). The correct number of CO molecules involved in this reaction is not shown. (b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

Domanda del libro di testo

The following diagram represents the collection of CO2 and H2O molecules formed by complete combustion of a hydrocarbon. What is the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon?

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Glycine, an amino acid used by organisms to make proteins, is represented by the following molecular model. (a) Write its molecular formula.

Domanda del libro di testo

The following diagram represents the collection of elements formed by a decomposition reaction. (b) Could you draw a diagram representing the molecules of the compound that had been decomposed? Why or why not?

Domanda del libro di testo

The reaction between reactant A (blue spheres) and reactant B (red spheres) is shown in the following diagram:

Based on this diagram, which equation best describes the reaction? (a) A2 + B¡A2B (b) A2 + 4 B¡2 AB2 (c) 2 A + B4¡2 AB2 (d) A + B2¡AB2

Domanda del libro di testo

The following diagram shows the combination reaction between hydrogen, H₂, and carbon monoxide, CO, to produce methanol, CH₃OH (white spheres are H, black spheres are C, red spheres are O). The correct number of CO molecules involved in this reaction is not shown. (a) Determine the number of CO molecules that should be shown in the left (reactants) box.