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Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition
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Tutti i libri di testoBrown 14th EditionCh.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction StoichiometryProblema 40d
Capitolo 3, Problema 40d

The molecular formula of aspartame, the artificial sweetener marketed as NutraSweet®, is C14H18N2O5. (d) How many hydrogen atoms are present in 1.00 mg of aspartame?

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Determine the molar mass of aspartame (C_{14}H_{18}N_{2}O_{5}) by adding the atomic masses of all the atoms in the formula.
Convert the mass of aspartame from milligrams to grams, since molar mass is typically in grams per mole.
Calculate the number of moles of aspartame using the formula: \( \text{moles} = \frac{\text{mass in grams}}{\text{molar mass}} \).
Use Avogadro's number (6.022 \(\times\) 10^{23} molecules/mol) to find the number of molecules of aspartame in the calculated moles.
Multiply the number of molecules of aspartame by the number of hydrogen atoms per molecule (18) to find the total number of hydrogen atoms.

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Molecular Formula

A molecular formula indicates the number and types of atoms in a molecule. For aspartame, C14H18N2O5 means it contains 14 carbon atoms, 18 hydrogen atoms, 2 nitrogen atoms, and 5 oxygen atoms. Understanding the molecular formula is essential for determining the composition of a compound and calculating quantities such as mass or number of atoms.
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02:08
Determining Molecular Formulas

Molar Mass

The molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). To find the number of hydrogen atoms in a given mass of aspartame, one must first calculate its molar mass by summing the atomic masses of all atoms in the molecular formula. This allows for conversions between mass and the number of molecules or atoms.
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Molar Mass Concept

Avogadro's Number

Avogadro's number, approximately 6.022 x 10^23, is the number of particles (atoms, molecules, etc.) in one mole of a substance. This concept is crucial for converting between moles and the actual number of molecules or atoms. In the context of aspartame, it helps determine how many hydrogen atoms are present in a specific mass of the compound by relating moles to individual atoms.
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Avogadro's Law
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