Domanda del libro di testo
Identify two ions that have the following ground-state electron configurations: (b) [Ar]3d5
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Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement177
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions231
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry216
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution189
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry175
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms168
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements150
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding177
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories200
- Ch.10 - Gases179
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces113
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials154
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions157
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics199
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium128
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria164
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria163
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment105
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics164
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry171
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry122
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals82
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry79
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry16
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 7, Problema 97
Which of the following chemical equations is connected to the definitions of (a) the first ionization energy of oxygen (i) O1g2 + e-¡O-1g2 (ii) O1g2¡O+1g2 + e- (iii) O1g2 + 2 e-¡O2-1g2 (iv) O1g2¡O2+1g2 + 2 e- (v) O+1g2¡O2+1g2 + e-
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
insert step 1> Identify the definition of first ionization energy: it is the energy required to remove the outermost electron from a neutral atom in the gaseous state.
insert step 2> Look for the equation that represents the removal of one electron from a neutral oxygen atom (O) in the gaseous state.
insert step 3> Analyze each option: (i) represents the gain of an electron, (ii) represents the removal of one electron from a neutral oxygen atom, (iii) represents the gain of two electrons, (iv) represents the removal of two electrons, and (v) represents the removal of an electron from a positively charged ion.
insert step 4> Determine that option (ii) O(g) → O⁺(g) + e⁻ correctly represents the first ionization energy of oxygen.
insert step 5> Conclude that the correct chemical equation related to the first ionization energy of oxygen is option (ii).
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Ionization Energy
Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion in its gaseous state. The first ionization energy specifically refers to the energy needed to remove the outermost electron from a neutral atom, resulting in a positively charged ion. Understanding this concept is crucial for analyzing chemical equations that involve electron removal.
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Percorso guidato
01:19
Ionization Energy
Oxygen's Electron Configuration
Oxygen has an atomic number of 8, with an electron configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁴. This configuration indicates that oxygen has six valence electrons, making it relatively electronegative and likely to gain or lose electrons during chemical reactions. Recognizing the electron configuration helps in predicting the behavior of oxygen in ionization processes.
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Percorso guidato
01:33Electron Configuration Example
Chemical Equations and Electron Transfer
Chemical equations represent the transformation of reactants into products, often involving the transfer of electrons. In the context of ionization, the equations illustrate how an atom loses electrons to form cations. Understanding how to interpret these equations is essential for identifying which equation corresponds to the first ionization energy of oxygen.
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Percorso guidato
01:32Balancing Chemical Equations
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Hydrogen is an unusual element because it behaves in some ways like the alkali metal elements and in other ways like nonmetals. Its properties can be explained in part by its electron configuration and by the values for its ionization energy and electron affinity. (a) Explain why the electron affinity of hydrogen is much closer to the values for the alkali elements than for the halogens.
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Domanda del libro di testo
Identify two ions that have the following ground-state electron configurations: (c) [Kr]5s24d10
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Domanda del libro di testo
The electron affinities, in kJ>mol, for the group 11 and group
12 metals are as follows:
Cu -119
Zn 7 0
Ag -126
Cd 7 0
Au -223
Hg 7 0
(b) Why do the electron affinities of the
group 11 elements become more negative as we move down
the group? [Hint: Examine the trends in the electron affinities
of other groups as we proceed down the periodic table.]
1343
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Domanda del libro di testo
Identify two ions that have the following ground-state electron configurations: (a) [Ar]
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