Domanda del libro di testo
An AB2 molecule is described as having a tetrahedral geometry. (a) How many nonbonding domains are on atom A?
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Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement177
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions231
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry216
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution189
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry175
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms168
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements150
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding177
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories200
- Ch.10 - Gases179
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces113
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials154
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions157
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics199
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium128
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria164
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria163
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment105
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics164
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry171
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry122
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals82
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry79
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry16
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 9, Problema 84c
The iodine bromide molecule, IBr, is an interhalogen compound. Assume that the molecular orbitals of IBr are analogous to the homonuclear diatomic molecule F2. (c) One of the valence MOs of IBr is sketched here. Why are the atomic orbital contributions to this MO different in size?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the atomic orbitals involved in the formation of the molecular orbital (MO) of IBr.
Recall that iodine (I) and bromine (Br) have different electronegativities and atomic sizes.
Understand that the atomic orbital of the more electronegative atom (Br) will have a greater contribution to the bonding MO.
Note that the larger atomic orbital in the MO diagram corresponds to the less electronegative atom (I), which has a larger atomic size.
Conclude that the difference in size of the atomic orbital contributions in the MO is due to the difference in electronegativity and atomic size between iodine and bromine.
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Molecular Orbitals (MOs)
Molecular orbitals are formed by the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) when atoms bond. In heteronuclear diatomic molecules like IBr, the differing electronegativities of the constituent atoms lead to MOs that have unequal contributions from each atom's atomic orbitals. This results in MOs that are not symmetrically distributed, affecting their size and shape.
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03:06
Molecular Orbital Theory
Electronegativity
Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons. In IBr, iodine is less electronegative than bromine, which influences the distribution of electron density in the molecular orbitals. This difference in electronegativity leads to unequal contributions of the atomic orbitals to the MOs, resulting in one side of the MO being larger than the other.
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02:10Electronegativity Trends
Atomic Orbital Size and Shape
The size and shape of atomic orbitals are determined by the principal quantum number and the type of orbital (s, p, d, etc.). In IBr, the atomic orbitals of iodine and bromine differ in size due to their respective atomic radii and electron configurations. This difference affects how much each atom contributes to the molecular orbital, leading to the observed asymmetry in the MO diagram.
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01:51Atomic Orbitals Example
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Domanda del libro di testo
The iodine bromide molecule, IBr, is an interhalogen compound. Assume that the molecular orbitals of IBr are analogous to the homonuclear diatomic molecule F2. (a) Which valence atomic orbitals of I and of Br are used to construct the MOs of IBr?
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Domanda del libro di testo
Consider the molecular orbitals of the P2 molecule. Assume that the MOs of diatomics from the third row of the periodic table are analogous to those from the second row. (a) Which valence atomic orbitals of P are used to construct the MOs of P2?
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Domanda del libro di testo
Consider the molecular orbitals of the P2 molecule. Assume that the MOs of diatomics from the third row of the periodic table are analogous to those from the second row. (c) For the P2 molecule, how many electrons occupy the MO in the figure?
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Domanda del libro di testo
An AB2 molecule is described as having a tetrahedral geometry. (b) Based on the information given, which of the following is the molecular geometry of the molecule: (i) linear, (ii) bent, (iii) trigonal planar, or (iv) tetrahedral?
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