Domanda del libro di testo
Consider the following gases, all at STP: Ne, SF6, N2, CH4. (d) Which one has the highest total molecular volume relative to the space occupied by the gas?
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Ch.10 - Gases
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement146
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions200
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry176
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution155
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry126
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms131
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements126
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding123
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories143
- Ch.10 - Gases147
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces91
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials122
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions126
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics174
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium101
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria139
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria146
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment72
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics129
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry142
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry101
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals68
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry66
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry10
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 10, Problema 106
You have a sample of gas at −33°C. You wish to increase the rms speed by a factor of 2. To what temperature should the gas be heated?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
insert step 1> Convert the initial temperature from Celsius to Kelvin using the formula: T(K) = T(°C) + 273.15.
insert step 2> Recall the formula for the root mean square (rms) speed of a gas: v_{rms} = \(\sqrt{\frac{3kT}{m}\)}, where k is the Boltzmann constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and m is the mass of a gas molecule.
insert step 3> Since you want to increase the rms speed by a factor of 2, set up the equation: 2v_{rms, initial} = v_{rms, final}.
insert step 4> Substitute the rms speed formula into the equation: 2\(\sqrt{\frac{3kT_{initial}\)}{m}} = \(\sqrt{\frac{3kT_{final}\)}{m}}.
insert step 5> Solve for T_{final} by squaring both sides and isolating T_{final}: T_{final} = 4T_{initial}.
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RMS Speed of Gas
The root mean square (RMS) speed of gas molecules is a measure of the average speed of particles in a gas. It is directly related to the temperature of the gas, as higher temperatures result in greater kinetic energy and thus higher speeds. The formula for RMS speed is v_rms = √(3kT/m), where k is the Boltzmann constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and m is the mass of a gas particle.
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Percorso guidato
02:57
RMS Speed Example
Temperature and Kinetic Energy
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. In gases, as temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the molecules also increases, leading to higher speeds. This relationship is crucial for understanding how changes in temperature affect the motion of gas particles and their RMS speed.
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Percorso guidato
02:27Kinetic Energy Formulas
Absolute Temperature Scale
The absolute temperature scale, measured in Kelvin (K), is essential for calculations in thermodynamics and gas laws. To convert Celsius to Kelvin, you add 273.15. Since the RMS speed is dependent on temperature in Kelvin, it is important to use this scale when determining the new temperature required to achieve a specific change in speed.
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Percorso guidato
02:33The pH Scale
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
Consider the following gases, all at STP: Ne, SF6, N2, CH4. (a) Which gas is most likely to depart from the assumption of the kinetic-molecular theory that says there are no attractive or repulsive forces between molecules?
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Domanda del libro di testo
Assume that an exhaled breath of air consists of 74.8% N2, 15.3% O2, 3.7% CO2, and 6.2% water vapor. (c) How many grams of glucose (C6H12O6) would need to be metabolized to produce this quantity of CO2? (The chemical reaction is the same as that for combustion of C6H12O6. See Section 3.2 and Problem 10.57.)
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Domanda del libro di testo
An ideal gas at a pressure of 1.50 atm is contained in a bulb of unknown volume. A stopcock is used to connect this bulb with a previously evacuated bulb that has a volume of 0.800 L as shown here. When the stopcock is opened, the gas expands into the empty bulb. If the temperature is held constant during this process and the final pressure is 695 torr, what is the volume of the bulb that was originally filled with gas?
Domanda del libro di testo
Consider the following gases, all at STP: Ne, SF6, N2, CH4. (f) Which one would effuse more rapidly than N2?
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Domanda del libro di testo
A 1.42-g sample of helium and an unknown mass of O2 are mixed in a flask at room temperature. The partial pressure of the helium is 42.5 torr, and that of the oxygen is 158 torr. What is the mass of the oxygen?
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