Domanda del libro di testo
Imagine the primitive cubic lattice. Now imagine pushing on top of it, straight down. Next, stretch another face by pulling it to the right. All angles remain 90°. What kind of primitive lattice have you made?
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Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement146
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions200
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry176
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution155
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry126
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms131
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements126
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding123
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories143
- Ch.10 - Gases147
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces91
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials122
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions126
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics174
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium101
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria139
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria146
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment72
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics129
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry142
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry101
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals68
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry66
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry10
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 12, Problema 106
Pure iron crystallizes in a body-centered cubic structure, shown in the figure. but small amounts of impurities can stabilize a facecentered cubic structure. Which form of iron has a higher density?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the two types of crystal structures mentioned: body-centered cubic (BCC) and face-centered cubic (FCC).
Recall the formula for density: \( \text{Density} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Volume}} \).
Determine the number of atoms per unit cell for each structure: BCC has 2 atoms per unit cell, and FCC has 4 atoms per unit cell.
Calculate the volume of the unit cell for each structure using the lattice parameter \( a \): For BCC, \( a = \frac{4r}{\sqrt{3}} \), and for FCC, \( a = \frac{4r}{\sqrt{2}} \), where \( r \) is the atomic radius.
Compare the densities by considering the mass of the atoms in the unit cell and the calculated volume for each structure.
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Crystal Structure
Crystal structure refers to the orderly arrangement of atoms in a crystalline material. In body-centered cubic (BCC) structures, atoms are located at the corners of a cube with one atom at the center, while in face-centered cubic (FCC) structures, atoms are at the corners and the centers of each face of the cube. The arrangement affects properties like density and packing efficiency.
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01:42
Resonance Structures
Density Calculation
Density is defined as mass per unit volume (density = mass/volume). The density of a crystalline material can be influenced by its atomic arrangement and the mass of the atoms involved. In general, FCC structures tend to have higher packing efficiency than BCC structures, which can lead to differences in density between the two forms of iron.
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01:56Density Concepts
Effect of Impurities
Impurities in a material can alter its crystal structure and properties. In the case of iron, small amounts of certain impurities can stabilize the FCC structure, which typically has a higher density than the BCC structure. Understanding how impurities affect the arrangement of atoms is crucial for predicting changes in physical properties like density.
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02:31Photoelectric Effect
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Selected chlorides have the following melting points: NaCl (801 °C), MgCl2 (714 °C), PCl3 (-94 °C), SCl2 (-121 °C) (a) For each compound, indicate what type its solid form is (molecular, metallic, ionic, or covalent-network).
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Domanda del libro di testo
What type of lattice—primitive cubic, body-centered cubic, or face-centered cubic—does each of the following structure types possess: (e) ZnS?
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