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Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 15th Edition
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoBrown 15th EditionCh.14 - Chemical KineticsProblema 12d
Capitolo 14, Problema 12d

Consider the diagram that follows, which represents two steps in an overall reaction. The red spheres are oxygen, the blue ones are nitrogen, and the green ones are fluorine. d. Write the rate law for the overall reaction if the first step is the slow, rate-determining step. [Section 14.5]

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Identify the reactants involved in the slow, rate-determining step.
Determine the molecularity of the slow step by counting the number of reactant molecules involved.
Write the rate law based on the molecularity of the slow step, using the concentrations of the reactants.
Express the rate law in the form: rate = k [A]^m [B]^n, where A and B are reactants, and m and n are their respective orders.
Remember that the rate law for the overall reaction is determined by the rate law of the slowest step in the mechanism.

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Rate Law

The rate law is an equation that relates the rate of a chemical reaction to the concentration of its reactants. It is typically expressed in the form rate = k[A]^m[B]^n, where k is the rate constant, [A] and [B] are the concentrations of the reactants, and m and n are the reaction orders. Understanding the rate law is crucial for predicting how changes in concentration affect the reaction rate.
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Rate Law Fundamentals

Rate-Determining Step

The rate-determining step is the slowest step in a multi-step reaction mechanism, which limits the overall reaction rate. This step dictates the kinetics of the entire reaction, and its rate law can be used to derive the overall rate law. Identifying the rate-determining step is essential for accurately writing the rate law for complex reactions.
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Rate Law Determination

Reaction Mechanism

A reaction mechanism is a detailed description of the individual steps that occur during a chemical reaction. Each step involves the breaking and forming of bonds, and the mechanism provides insight into how reactants are converted into products. Understanding the mechanism is vital for determining which step is rate-determining and for writing the correct rate law.
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Reaction Mechanism Overview
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo

The following graph shows two different reaction pathways for the same overall reaction at the same temperature. Is each of the following statements true or false? (b) For both paths, the rate of the reverse reaction is slower than the rate of the forward reaction.

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Domanda del libro di testo

(b) Name three factors that can affect the rate of a chemical reaction.

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Domanda del libro di testo

The accompanying graph shows plots of ln k versus 1/𝑇 for two different reactions. The plots have been extrapolated to the y-intercepts. Which reaction (red or blue) has b. the larger value for the frequency factor, A? [Section 14.4]

Domanda del libro di testo

Based on the following reaction profile, how many intermediates are formed in the reaction A⟶C? How many transition states are there? Which step, A⟶B or B⟶C, is the faster? For the reaction A⟶C, is Δ𝐸 positive, negative, or zero? [Section 14.5]

Domanda del libro di testo

The accompanying graph shows plots of ln k versus 1>T for two different reactions. The plots have been extrapolated to the y-intercepts. Which reaction (red or blue) has (a) the larger value for Ea,

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