Domanda del libro di testo
The Kb for methylamine (CH3NH2) at 25 °C is given in Appendix D. (d) What is the value of ΔG when [H+] = 6.7 × 10-9 M, [CH3NH3+] = 2.4 × 10-3 M, and [CH3NH2] = 0.098 M?
Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement146
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions200
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry176
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution155
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry126
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms131
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements126
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding123
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories143
- Ch.10 - Gases147
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces91
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials122
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions126
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics174
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium101
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria139
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria146
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment72
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics129
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry142
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry101
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals68
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry66
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry10
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 19, Problema 83d
The value of Ka for nitrous acid (HNO2) at 25 °C is given in Appendix D. (d) What is the value of ΔG when [H+] = 5.0⨉10-2 M, [NO2-] = 6.0⨉10-4 M, and [HNO2] = 0.20 M?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the reaction for the dissociation of nitrous acid: \( \text{HNO}_2 \rightleftharpoons \text{H}^+ + \text{NO}_2^- \).
Write the expression for the reaction quotient \( Q \): \( Q = \frac{[\text{H}^+][\text{NO}_2^-]}{[\text{HNO}_2]} \).
Substitute the given concentrations into the expression for \( Q \): \( Q = \frac{(5.0 \times 10^{-2})(6.0 \times 10^{-4})}{0.20} \).
Use the relationship between \( \Delta G \), \( \Delta G^\circ \), and \( Q \): \( \Delta G = \Delta G^\circ + RT \ln Q \).
Calculate \( \Delta G^\circ \) using the formula \( \Delta G^\circ = -RT \ln K_a \), where \( K_a \) is the acid dissociation constant for nitrous acid.
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Acid-Base Equilibrium
Acid-base equilibrium involves the balance between an acid and its conjugate base in solution. For weak acids like nitrous acid (HNO2), this equilibrium can be described by the dissociation constant (Ka), which quantifies the extent of ionization. Understanding this concept is crucial for calculating concentrations of species in solution and predicting the behavior of acids in various conditions.
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6:47
Triprotic Acid Equilibrium
Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG)
Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG) is a thermodynamic potential that measures the maximum reversible work obtainable from a thermodynamic system at constant temperature and pressure. It is used to predict the spontaneity of a reaction; a negative ΔG indicates a spontaneous process. In the context of acid-base reactions, ΔG can be calculated using concentrations of reactants and products, reflecting the system's favorability.
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01:51Gibbs Free Energy of Reactions
Reaction Quotient (Q)
The reaction quotient (Q) is a ratio that compares the concentrations of products to reactants at any point in a reaction, not necessarily at equilibrium. It is calculated using the same expression as the equilibrium constant (K) but with current concentrations. By comparing Q to K, one can determine the direction in which a reaction will proceed to reach equilibrium, which is essential for calculating ΔG in the given scenario.
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00:49Reaction Quotient Q
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