Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 15th Edition

Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo

Brown 15th Edition

Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Problema 109d

Capitolo 2, Problema 109d

Elements in the same group of the periodic table often form oxyanions with the same general formula. The anions are also named in a similar fashion. Based on these observations, suggest a chemical formula or name, as appropriate, for each of the following ions: (d) hydrogen tellurate ion.

Guida verificata passo dopo passo

Identify the group in the periodic table where tellurium is located. Tellurium is in Group 16, also known as the chalcogens.

Recognize that elements in Group 16 form oxyanions with similar formulas. For example, sulfur forms sulfate \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \) and selenium forms selenate \( \text{SeO}_4^{2-} \).

Understand that the tellurate ion would have a similar structure to sulfate and selenate, likely \( \text{TeO}_4^{2-} \).

Consider the addition of hydrogen to the tellurate ion. Adding one hydrogen ion \( \text{H}^+ \) to \( \text{TeO}_4^{2-} \) would result in the hydrogen tellurate ion \( \text{HTeO}_4^- \).

Conclude that the chemical formula for the hydrogen tellurate ion is \( \text{HTeO}_4^- \), following the pattern of naming and formula structure for oxyanions in Group 16.

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Oxyanions

Oxyanions are negatively charged ions that contain oxygen and another element. They typically form when an element from the periodic table combines with oxygen, resulting in a polyatomic ion. The naming convention for oxyanions often depends on the number of oxygen atoms present, with suffixes like '-ate' and '-ite' indicating different oxidation states.

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01:54

Polyatomic Oxyanions

Periodic Table Groups

Elements in the same group of the periodic table share similar chemical properties due to their similar valence electron configurations. This similarity often extends to the types of ions they form, including oxyanions. Understanding the group trends helps predict the behavior and formulas of compounds formed by these elements.

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05:33

Periodic Table: Group Names

Hydrogen Ions in Oxyanions

When hydrogen is included in an oxyanion, it typically indicates the presence of a hydrogen atom bonded to the anion. This can alter the charge and naming of the oxyanion. For example, the hydrogen tellurate ion would be derived from the tellurate ion by adding a hydrogen atom, resulting in a specific formula and name that reflects this addition.

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01:54

Polyatomic Oxyanions

Pratica correlata

Domanda del libro di testo

Fill in the blanks in the following table:

Cation Anion Formula Name

Lithium oxide

Fe²⁺ PO₄^3-

Al₂(SO₄)₃

Copper(II) nitrate

Cr³⁺I⁻

MnClO₂

Ammonium carbonate

Zinc perchlorate

Complete the third column of the table.

Complete the fourth column of the table.

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Domanda del libro di testo

Fill in the blanks in the following table:

Cation Anion Formula Name

Lithium oxide

Fe²⁺ PO₄^3-

Al₂(SO₄)₃

Copper(II) nitrate

Cr³⁺I⁻

MnClO₂

Ammonium carbonate

Zinc perchlorate

Complete the first column of the table.

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Domanda del libro di testo

Many familiar substances have common, unsystematic names. For each of the following, give the correct systematic name: (a) salt peter, KNO₃ (b) soda ash, Na₂CO₃ (c) lime, (d) muriatic acid, HCl, CaO (e) Epsom salts, MgSO₄ (f) milk of magnesia, Mg(OH)₂.

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Domanda del libro di testo

Elements in the same group of the periodic table often form oxyanions with the same general formula. The anions are also named in a similar fashion. Based on these observations, suggest a chemical formula or name, as appropriate, for each of the following ions: (a) BrO₄^- (b) SeO₃^2- (c) arsenate ion

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Domanda del libro di testo

Because many ions and compounds have very similar names, there is great potential for confusing them. Write the correct chemical formulas to distinguish between (a) sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, (b) potassium peroxide and potassium oxide, (c) aluminum nitride and aluminum nitrite, (d) iron(II) oxide and iron(III) oxide

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