Domanda del libro di testo
(a) According to the first law of thermodynamics, what quantity is conserved?
577
views
Ch.5 - Thermochemistry
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970
Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testoScegli un libro di testo diverso
TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement146
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions200
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry176
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution155
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry126
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms131
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements126
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding123
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories143
- Ch.10 - Gases147
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces91
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials122
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions126
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics174
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium101
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria139
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria146
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment72
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics129
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry142
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry101
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals68
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry66
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry10
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 5, Problema 18
A magnesium ion, Mg2+, with a charge of 3.2⨉10-19 C and an oxide ion, O2-, with a charge of -3.2⨉10-19 C, are separated by a distance of 0.35 nm. How much work would be required to increase the separation of the two ions to an infinite distance?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the charges of the ions involved. The magnesium ion, Mg2+, has a charge of +3.2⨉10-19 C, and the oxide ion, O2-, has a charge of -3.2⨉10-19 C.
Convert the distance from nanometers to meters. Since 1 nm = 1⨉10-9 meters, 0.35 nm is equivalent to 0.35⨉10-9 meters.
Use Coulomb's Law to calculate the initial electrostatic force between the ions. The formula for Coulomb's Law is F = k \(\frac{{|q1 \cdot q2|}\)}{{r^2}}, where k is Coulomb's constant (approximately 8.988⨉109 N⋅m2/C2), q1 and q2 are the charges of the ions, and r is the separation distance.
Calculate the initial potential energy using the formula U = k \(\frac{{q1 \cdot q2}\)}{{r}}, where U is the potential energy, and the other symbols have their usual meanings.
To find the work required to separate the ions to an infinite distance, calculate the change in potential energy, which is the difference between the final potential energy (zero, at infinite distance) and the initial potential energy.
Risposta video verificata per un problema simile:
Questa soluzione video è stata consigliata dai nostri tutor come utile per risolvere questo problema.
Durata del video:
5mConcetti chiave
Ecco i concetti essenziali che devi comprendere per rispondere correttamente alla domanda.
Coulomb's Law
Coulomb's Law describes the electrostatic force between two charged particles. It states that the force is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. This principle is essential for calculating the work done in moving charged particles, as it helps determine the force acting on them at different separations.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
01:15
Coulomb's Law Concept 2
Electric Potential Energy
Electric potential energy is the energy stored in a system of charged particles due to their positions relative to each other. It can be calculated using the formula U = k * (q1 * q2) / r, where U is the potential energy, k is Coulomb's constant, q1 and q2 are the charges, and r is the distance between them. Understanding this concept is crucial for determining the work required to separate the ions to an infinite distance.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
00:34Kinetic & Potential Energy
Work-Energy Principle
The Work-Energy Principle states that the work done on an object is equal to the change in its energy. In the context of charged particles, the work required to move them from one position to another can be calculated by finding the difference in electric potential energy at those positions. This principle allows us to quantify the energy needed to increase the separation of the magnesium and oxide ions to infinity.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
02:05Uncertainty Principle Formula
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
A sodium ion, Na+, with a charge of 1.6⨉10-19 C and a chloride ion, Cl - , with charge of -1.6⨉10-19 C, are separated by a distance of 0.50 nm. How much work would be required to increase the separation of the two ions to an infinite distance?
2921
views
Domanda del libro di testo
Predict the chemical formula of the ionic compound formed between the following pairs of elements: (a) Al and F
2
views
Domanda del libro di testo
(a) The electrostatic force (not energy) of attraction between two oppositely charged objects is given by the equation F = k (Q1Q2/d2) where k = 8.99⨉109N-m2/C2, Q1 and Q2 are the charges of the two objects in Coulombs, and d is the distance separating the two objects in meters. What is the electrostatic force of attraction (in Newtons) between an electron and a proton that are separated by 1⨉102 pm?
1554
views
1
rank