Domanda del libro di testo
The [Cr(H2O)6]3+ ion is violet, and [Cr(CN)6]3- is yellow. Explain this difference using crystal field theory. Use the colors to order H2O and CN- in the spectrochemical series.
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Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement170
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions160
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions169
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution199
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms102
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory92
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures61
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure59
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy122
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior155
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes54
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials73
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties120
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics98
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium125
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases110
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria147
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium86
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry154
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry96
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry156
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements187
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry51
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McMurry 8th EditionCh.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination ChemistryProblema 21.115
McMurry 8th EditionCh.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination ChemistryProblema 21.115Capitolo 21, Problema 21.115
Which of the following complexes are diamagnetic?
(a) [Ni(H2O)6]2+
(b) [Co(CN)6]3-
(c) [HgI4]2- (tetrahedral)
(d) [Cu(NH3)4]2+ (square planar)
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the oxidation state and electron configuration of the central metal ion in each complex.
Determine the geometry of each complex and the type of ligands involved (strong field or weak field).
Apply crystal field theory to determine the electron distribution in the d-orbitals for each complex.
Check for unpaired electrons in the d-orbitals to determine if the complex is paramagnetic or diamagnetic.
Conclude which complexes are diamagnetic based on the absence of unpaired electrons.
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Magnetism in Coordination Complexes
Magnetism in coordination complexes is determined by the presence of unpaired electrons. A complex is diamagnetic if all its electrons are paired, resulting in no net magnetic moment. Conversely, if there are unpaired electrons, the complex is paramagnetic. Understanding the electron configuration and the ligand field theory helps predict the magnetic properties of these complexes.
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Percorso guidato
00:43
Coordination Complexes Example
Crystal Field Theory
Crystal Field Theory (CFT) explains how the arrangement of ligands around a central metal ion affects its electron distribution and energy levels. Ligands can cause the d-orbitals of the metal to split into different energy levels, influencing whether electrons are paired or unpaired. The geometry of the complex (e.g., octahedral, tetrahedral) plays a crucial role in this splitting and thus in determining the magnetic properties.
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Percorso guidato
01:18The study of ligand-metal interactions helped to form Ligand Field Theory which combines CFT with MO Theory.
Ligand Field Strength
Ligand field strength refers to the ability of a ligand to influence the energy levels of the d-orbitals in a metal complex. Strong field ligands, such as CN⁻, cause greater splitting of the d-orbitals, often leading to pairing of electrons and resulting in diamagnetism. In contrast, weak field ligands, like H₂O, may not cause sufficient splitting, allowing unpaired electrons and resulting in paramagnetism.
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02:40Strong-Field Ligands result in a large Δ and Weak-Field Ligands result in a small Δ.
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What is the electron configuration of Co2+ and how many unpaired electrons are in the free transition metal ion?
(a) [Ar]3d54s2; 5 unpaired electrons
(b) [Ar]3d54s2; 1 unpaired electron
(c) [Ar]3d7; 3 unpaired electrons
(d) [Ar]3d7; 1 unpaired electron
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Domanda del libro di testo
What is the oxidation state of the metal in each of the complexes?
a. AgCl2–
b. [Cr(H2O)5Cl]2+
c. [Co(NCS)4]2–
d. [ZrF8]4–
e. [Fe(EDTA)(H2O)]–
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What role does EDTA4- play as a trace additive to mayonnaise? Would the glycinate ion (H2NCH2CH2NH2) be an effective substitute for EDTA4-?
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Draw the structures of all possible diastereoisomers of an octahedral complex with the formula MA2B2C2. Which of the diastereoisomers, if any, can exist as enantiomers?
95
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Domanda del libro di testo
For each of the following complexes, draw a crystal field energy-level diagram, assign the electrons to orbitals, and predict the number of unpaired electrons.
(d) [Cu(en)2]2+ (square planar)
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