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Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
McMurry - Chemistry 8th Edition
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 3, Problema 36

Which of the following equations is balanced?
(a) The development reaction in silver-halide photography: 2 AgBr + 2 NaOH + C6H6O2 → 2 Ag + H2O + 2 NaBr + C6H4O2
(b) The preparation of household bleach: 2 NaOH + Cl2 → NaOCl + NaCl + H2O

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1
Identify the number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation for option (a).
For option (a), count the atoms: Ag, Br, Na, O, H, and C on both sides of the equation.
Check if the number of each type of atom is the same on both sides of the equation for option (a).
Repeat the process for option (b): count the atoms Na, O, Cl, and H on both sides of the equation.
Determine which equation has the same number of each type of atom on both sides, indicating it is balanced.

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Balancing Chemical Equations

Balancing chemical equations involves ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation. This reflects the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. Each coefficient in the equation represents the number of molecules or moles of a substance, and adjusting these coefficients helps achieve balance.
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Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It allows chemists to predict the amounts of substances consumed and produced in a reaction based on balanced equations. Understanding stoichiometry is essential for calculating yields, determining limiting reactants, and performing conversions between moles, mass, and volume.
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Types of Reactions

Chemical reactions can be classified into various types, such as synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, and double replacement. Each type has distinct characteristics and patterns that can help in predicting the products of a reaction. Recognizing the type of reaction can also aid in balancing equations, as certain reactions follow specific rules regarding the conservation of atoms and charge.
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Common Types of Alkane Reactions