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Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium
Tro - Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 4th Edition
Tro4th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134112831Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 15, Problema 73

Carbon monoxide replaces oxygen in oxygenated hemoglobin according to the reaction: HbO2(aq) + CO(aq) ⇌ HbCO(aq) + O2(aq) a. Use the reactions and associated equilibrium constants at body temperature given here to find the equilibrium constant for the reaction just shown. Hb(aq) + O2(aq) ⇌ HbO2(aq) Kc = 1.8 Hb(aq) + CO(aq) ⇌ HbCO(aq) Kc = 306

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Identify the given reactions and their equilibrium constants: Reaction 1: Hb(aq) + O_2(aq) \(\rightleftharpoons\) HbO_2(aq) with K_{c1} = 1.8; Reaction 2: Hb(aq) + CO(aq) \(\rightleftharpoons\) HbCO(aq) with K_{c2} = 306.
Write the target reaction: HbO_2(aq) + CO(aq) \(\rightleftharpoons\) HbCO(aq) + O_2(aq).
Express the target reaction in terms of the given reactions: Reverse Reaction 1 to get HbO_2(aq) \(\rightleftharpoons\) Hb(aq) + O_2(aq) with K_{c1}' = \(\frac{1}{1.8}\).
Combine the reversed Reaction 1 with Reaction 2: HbO_2(aq) + CO(aq) \(\rightleftharpoons\) Hb(aq) + O_2(aq) + Hb(aq) + CO(aq) \(\rightleftharpoons\) HbCO(aq) + O_2(aq).
Calculate the equilibrium constant for the target reaction by multiplying the equilibrium constants of the combined reactions: K_{c} = K_{c1}' \(\times\) K_{c2}.

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Equilibrium Constant (Kc)

The equilibrium constant (Kc) is a numerical value that expresses the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants at equilibrium for a given chemical reaction. It provides insight into the extent to which a reaction proceeds before reaching equilibrium. A larger Kc indicates a greater concentration of products compared to reactants, while a smaller Kc suggests the opposite.
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Le Chatelier's Principle

Le Chatelier's Principle states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the system will adjust itself to counteract the change and restore a new equilibrium. This principle is crucial for understanding how changes in concentration, pressure, or temperature affect the position of equilibrium in a chemical reaction.
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Reaction Stoichiometry

Reaction stoichiometry involves the quantitative relationships between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction, as described by the balanced chemical equation. It is essential for calculating the equilibrium constant and understanding how changes in the concentration of one species affect the others in the reaction, particularly in complex equilibria involving multiple reactions.
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