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Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model
Tro - Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 5th Edition
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Tutti i libri di testoTro 5th EditionCh.10 - Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis ModelProblema 98c
Capitolo 10, Problema 98c

Draw the Lewis structure for each organic compound from its condensed structural formula. c. CH3COCH3

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Identify the central atoms in the compound. In CH\(_3\)COCH\(_3\), the central atoms are the carbon atoms.
Determine the connectivity of the atoms. The structure is CH\(_3\)-C(=O)-CH\(_3\), where the middle carbon is double-bonded to an oxygen.
Draw the carbon skeleton. Connect the carbon atoms in a chain: C-C-C.
Add the oxygen atom. Attach the oxygen to the middle carbon with a double bond: C(=O).
Complete the structure by adding hydrogen atoms. Each terminal carbon (CH\(_3\)) is bonded to three hydrogen atoms.

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Lewis Structures

Lewis structures are diagrams that represent the bonding between atoms in a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist. They use dots to represent electrons and lines to represent bonds between atoms. Understanding how to draw Lewis structures is essential for visualizing molecular geometry and predicting reactivity.
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Lewis Dot Structures: Ions

Condensed Structural Formula

A condensed structural formula provides a shorthand way of representing the structure of a molecule, showing how atoms are connected without depicting all the bonds explicitly. For example, in CH3COCH3, the formula indicates that there are two methyl groups (CH3) attached to a carbonyl group (C=O), which is crucial for understanding the molecular structure before drawing the Lewis structure.
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Condensed Formula

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the case of CH3COCH3, the carbonyl group (C=O) is a functional group that defines the compound as a ketone, influencing its chemical behavior and properties. Recognizing functional groups is vital for predicting reactivity and understanding organic chemistry.
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Carbonyl Functional Groups
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Draw the Lewis structure for each organic compound from its condensed structural formula. e. CH3CHO

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Use Lewis structures to explain why Br3- and I3- are stable, while F3- is not.

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Draw the Lewis structure for each organic compound from its condensed structural formula. b. CH3OCH3

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The cyanate ion (OCN- ) and the fulminate ion (CNO- ) share the same three atoms but have vastly different properties. The cyanate ion is stable, while the fulminate ion is unstable and forms explosive compounds. The resonance structures of the cyanate ion are explored in Example 10.8. Draw Lewis structures for the fulminate ion—including possible resonance forms— and use formal charge to explain why the fulminate ion is less stable (and therefore more reactive) than the cyanate ion.

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