Sketch the bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals that result from linear combinations of the 2p_x atomic orbitals in a homonuclear diatomic molecule. (The 2p_x orbitals are those whose lobes are oriented along the bonding axis.)

Using the molecular orbital energy ordering for second-row homonuclear diatomic molecules in which the π_2p orbitals lie at lower energy than the σ_2p, draw MO energy diagrams and predict the bond order in a molecule or ion with each number of total valence electrons. Will the molecule or ion be diamagnetic or paramagnetic? a. 4 b. 6

Sketch the bonding molecular orbital that results from the linear combination of two 1s orbitals. Indicate the region where interference occurs and state the kind of interference (constructive or destructive).

Sketch the bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals that result from linear combinations of the 2p_z atomic orbitals in a homonuclear diatomic molecule. (The 2p_z orbitals are those whose lobes are oriented perpendicular to the bonding axis.) How do these molecular orbitals differ from those obtained from linear combinations of the 2p_y atomic orbitals? (The 2p_y orbitals are also oriented perpendicular to the bonding axis, but also perpendicular to the 2p_z orbitals.)

Draw an MO energy diagram and predict the bond order of Li₂⁺ and Li₂^-. Do you expect these molecules to exist in the gas phase?

Draw an MO energy diagram and predict the bond order of Be₂⁺ and Be₂^- . Do you expect these molecules to exist in the gas phase?

Using the molecular orbital energy ordering for second-row homonuclear diatomic molecules in which the π_2p orbitals lie at lower energy than the σ_2p, draw MO energy diagrams and predict the bond order in a molecule or ion with each number of total valence electrons. Will the molecule or ion be diamagnetic or paramagnetic? c. 8