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Ch.7 - Thermochemistry
Tro - Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 5th Edition
Tro5th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134874371Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 7, Problema 114

The ΔH°f of TiI3(s) is –328 kJ/mol and the ΔH ° for the reaction 2 Ti(s) + 3 I2(g) → 2 TiI3(s) is –839 kJ. Calculate the ΔH of sublimation of I2(s), which is a solid at 25 °C.

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Identify the given values: ΔH°f of TiI3(s) is -328 kJ/mol, and ΔH° for the reaction 2 Ti(s) + 3 I2(g) → 2 TiI3(s) is -839 kJ.
Write the formation reaction for TiI3(s) from its elements in their standard states: Ti(s) + 1.5 I2(g) → TiI3(s).
Calculate the ΔH° for the formation of 2 moles of TiI3(s) using the given ΔH°f: 2 moles × (-328 kJ/mol) = -656 kJ.
Set up an equation for the ΔH° of the reaction using Hess's Law: ΔH° reaction = [2 × ΔH°f(TiI3(s))] - [2 × ΔH°f(Ti(s)) + 3 × ΔH° sublimation(I2(s))].
Solve for ΔH° sublimation(I2(s)) by rearranging the equation and substituting the known values: ΔH° sublimation(I2(s)) = [2 × ΔH°f(TiI3(s)) - ΔH° reaction] / 3.

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Enthalpy of Formation (ΔH°f)

The enthalpy of formation (ΔH°f) is the change in enthalpy when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard states. It provides a reference point for calculating the energy changes in chemical reactions. In this question, the ΔH°f of TiI3(s) is given, which is essential for determining the overall energy change in the reaction involving titanium and iodine.
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Enthalpy of Formation

Sublimation

Sublimation is the process where a solid transitions directly into a gas without passing through the liquid phase. The enthalpy change associated with sublimation, known as the enthalpy of sublimation, is crucial for understanding the energy required to convert solid iodine (I2) into gaseous iodine. This concept is necessary to calculate the ΔH of sublimation for I2(s) in the context of the given reaction.
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Sublimation Phase Change Example

Hess's Law

Hess's Law states that the total enthalpy change for a reaction is the sum of the enthalpy changes for individual steps, regardless of the pathway taken. This principle allows us to calculate unknown enthalpy changes by using known values from related reactions. In this problem, Hess's Law can be applied to relate the enthalpy of sublimation of I2(s) to the given enthalpy changes of formation and reaction.
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