Domanda del libro di testo
Life on Earth evolved based on the element carbon. Based on periodic properties, what two or three elements would you expect to be most like carbon?
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Ch.9 - Periodic Properties of the Elements
Tro5th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134874371
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving117
- Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements106
- Ch.3 - Molecules and Compounds128
- Ch.4 - Chemical Reactions and Chemical Quantities56
- Ch.5 - Introduction to Solutions and Aqueous Solutions84
- Ch.6 - Gases112
- Ch.7 - Thermochemistry96
- Ch.8 - The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom60
- Ch.9 - Periodic Properties of the Elements86
- Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model91
- Ch.11 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes, VSEPR & MO Theory85
- Ch.12 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces51
- Ch.13 - Solids & Modern Materials48
- Ch.14 - Solutions93
- Ch.15 - Chemical Kinetics114
- Ch.16 - Chemical Equilibrium68
- Ch.17 - Acids and Bases137
- Ch.18 - Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium154
- Ch.19 - Free Energy & Thermodynamics91
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry105
- Ch.21 - Radioactivity & Nuclear Chemistry74
- Ch.22 - Organic Chemistry141
Tro5th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134874371Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 9, Problema 85
Both vanadium and its 3+ ion are paramagnetic. Refer to their electron configurations to explain this statement.
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Step 1: Understand the concept of paramagnetism. Paramagnetism occurs when a substance has unpaired electrons, which align with an external magnetic field, causing attraction.
Step 2: Determine the electron configuration of a neutral vanadium atom. Vanadium (V) has an atomic number of 23, so its electron configuration is [Ar] 3d^3 4s^2.
Step 3: Identify the unpaired electrons in the neutral vanadium atom. In the electron configuration [Ar] 3d^3 4s^2, the 3d subshell has three unpaired electrons, which makes vanadium paramagnetic.
Step 4: Determine the electron configuration of the V^3+ ion. When vanadium loses three electrons to form V^3+, the electron configuration becomes [Ar] 3d^2.
Step 5: Identify the unpaired electrons in the V^3+ ion. In the electron configuration [Ar] 3d^2, there are two unpaired electrons in the 3d subshell, which also makes the V^3+ ion paramagnetic.
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Electron Configuration
Electron configuration describes the distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals. For vanadium (V), with an atomic number of 23, the electron configuration is [Ar] 3d³ 4s². Understanding this configuration is crucial to determine how many unpaired electrons are present, which directly relates to the paramagnetic property.
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Percorso guidato
01:33
Electron Configuration Example
Paramagnetism
Paramagnetism is a property of materials that are attracted to magnetic fields due to the presence of unpaired electrons. Both vanadium and its 3+ ion (V³⁺) have unpaired electrons in their electron configurations, which allows them to exhibit paramagnetic behavior. The presence of unpaired electrons is essential for this magnetic property.
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Percorso guidato
01:33Paramagnetism and Diamagnetism
Ionization and Electron Loss
Ionization involves the removal of electrons from an atom, resulting in the formation of ions. For vanadium, when it loses three electrons to form V³⁺, the electron configuration changes to [Ar] 3d². Analyzing how the loss of electrons affects the number of unpaired electrons helps explain why both vanadium and V³⁺ remain paramagnetic.
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Percorso guidato
01:19Ionization Energy