Write the Lewis symbol for each atom or ion. b. K⁺

Lewis symbols, also known as Lewis dot structures, represent the valence electrons of an atom or ion. Each dot corresponds to a valence electron, and the arrangement of these dots around the chemical symbol indicates how the atom can bond with others. This visual representation helps in understanding the reactivity and bonding behavior of elements.

Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom and are crucial in determining how an atom interacts with others. The number of valence electrons influences an atom's ability to form bonds, either by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons. For potassium (K), which is in group 1 of the periodic table, there is one valence electron that is lost when it forms a K+ ion.

Ionic charge refers to the electrical charge that an atom or ion carries due to the loss or gain of electrons. When an atom loses electrons, it becomes positively charged (cation), while gaining electrons results in a negative charge (anion). In the case of K+, potassium has lost its single valence electron, resulting in a +1 charge, which is represented in its Lewis symbol.