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Ch.11 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes, VSEPR & MO Theory
Tro - Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 6th Edition
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Tutti i libri di testoTro 6th EditionCh.11 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes, VSEPR & MO TheoryProblema 35
Capitolo 11, Problema 35

Determine the electron geometry, molecular geometry, and idealized bond angles for each molecule. In which cases do you expect deviations from the idealized bond angle?
a. CI4
b. NCl3
c. OF2
d. H2S

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Determine the electron geometry for each molecule by considering the number of electron groups around the central atom.
For CI4, identify the central atom (C) and note that there are four iodine atoms bonded to it, with no lone pairs.
For NCl3, identify the central atom (N) and note that there are three chlorine atoms bonded to it, with one lone pair.
For OF2, identify the central atom (O) and note that there are two fluorine atoms bonded to it, with two lone pairs.
For H2S, identify the central atom (S) and note that there are two hydrogen atoms bonded to it, with two lone pairs.

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VSEPR Theory

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory is a model used to predict the geometry of individual molecules based on the repulsion between electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. According to VSEPR, electron pairs will arrange themselves as far apart as possible to minimize repulsion, leading to specific molecular shapes and bond angles.
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Molecular Shapes and VSEPR

Molecular Geometry vs. Electron Geometry

Molecular geometry refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule, while electron geometry considers the spatial arrangement of all electron pairs, including lone pairs. The presence of lone pairs can alter the observed molecular geometry, leading to differences between the idealized electron geometry and the actual molecular shape.
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Electron Geometry

Idealized Bond Angles

Idealized bond angles are the angles between adjacent bonds in a molecule as predicted by VSEPR theory for a given electron geometry. However, these angles can deviate due to factors such as lone pair repulsion, differences in atom sizes, and electronegativity, which can affect the spatial arrangement of atoms and the resulting bond angles.
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Ideal Bond Angle Example
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo

Determine the electron geometry, molecular geometry, and idealized bond angles for each molecule. In which cases do you expect deviations from the idealized bond angle?

a. CS2

b. SCl2

c. CHF3

d. PF3

Domanda del libro di testo

A molecule with the formula AB2 has a linear geometry. How many electron groups are on the central atom?

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Which species has the smaller bond angle, ClO4- or ClO3- ? Explain.

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A molecule with the formula AB3 has a trigonal pyramidal geometry. How many electron groups are on the central atom (A)?

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Which species has the smaller bond angle, H3O+ or H2O? Explain.

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For each molecular geometry, list the number of total electron groups, the number of bonding groups, and the number of lone pairs on the central atom. (c)

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