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Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements
Tro - Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 6th Edition
Tro6th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780137832217Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoTro 6th EditionCh.2 - Atoms & ElementsProblema 115
Capitolo 2, Problema 115

Fill in the blanks to complete the table. Symbol Z A Number of p Number of e− Number of n Charge ______ 8 ______ ______ ______ 8 2- Ca2 + 20 ______ ______ ______ 20 ______ Mg2 + ______ 25 ______ ______ 13 2+ N3 - ______ 14 ______ 10 ______ ______

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Step 1: Identify the element with atomic number (Z) 8. This corresponds to oxygen (O).
Step 2: For the oxygen ion (O^2-), calculate the number of electrons. Since the charge is 2-, it has gained 2 electrons, so the number of electrons is Z + 2.
Step 3: For Ca^2+, the atomic number (Z) is 20, which means it has 20 protons. The charge is 2+, indicating it has lost 2 electrons, so the number of electrons is Z - 2.
Step 4: For Mg^2+, the mass number (A) is 25. The number of neutrons is A - Z. Since the charge is 2+, it has lost 2 electrons, so the number of electrons is Z - 2.
Step 5: For N^3-, the atomic number (Z) is 7 (since nitrogen is element 7). The charge is 3-, indicating it has gained 3 electrons, so the number of electrons is Z + 3. The number of neutrons is A - Z.

Concetti chiave

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Atomic Number (Z)

The atomic number (Z) of an element is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom. It uniquely identifies an element and determines its position in the periodic table. For example, an atomic number of 8 corresponds to oxygen, which has 8 protons and, in a neutral atom, also 8 electrons.
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Atomic Mass

Mass Number (A)

The mass number (A) is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus. It is calculated by adding the number of protons (Z) to the number of neutrons (n). For instance, if an element has an atomic number of 20 and 20 neutrons, its mass number would be 40.
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Atomic Mass

Ionic Charge

Ionic charge refers to the net electrical charge of an atom or molecule, resulting from the loss or gain of electrons. Cations, like Ca2+ and Mg2+, have a positive charge due to the loss of electrons, while anions, like N3-, have a negative charge from gaining electrons. The charge affects the number of electrons compared to protons in the atom.
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Formal Charge
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