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Ch.4 - Chemical Reactions and Chemical Quantities
Tro - Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 6th Edition
Tro6th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780137832217Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoTro 6th EditionCh.4 - Chemical Reactions and Chemical QuantitiesProblema 72
Capitolo 4, Problema 72

The combustion of liquid ethanol (C2H5OH) produces carbon dioxide and water. After 4.62 mL of ethanol (density = 0.789 g/mL) is allowed to burn in the presence of 15.55 g of oxygen gas, 3.72 mL of water (density = 1.00 g/mL) is collected. Determine the percent yield for the reaction. (Hint: Write a balanced equation for the combustion of ethanol.)

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1
Write the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of ethanol (C2H5OH). The balanced equation is: C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) ightarrow 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(l).
Calculate the mass of ethanol used by multiplying the volume of ethanol by its density. Use the formula: mass = volume imes density.
Convert the mass of ethanol to moles using its molar mass (46.07 g/mol for ethanol). Use the formula: moles = mass / molar mass.
Calculate the theoretical yield of water in grams. Use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to find the moles of water produced per mole of ethanol, then convert these moles of water to grams using the molar mass of water (18.02 g/mol).
Calculate the percent yield by comparing the actual yield (mass of water collected) to the theoretical yield. Use the formula: percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) imes 100.

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Combustion Reaction

A combustion reaction is a chemical process in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen, producing heat and light. In the case of ethanol, the balanced equation for its combustion is C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O. Understanding this reaction is crucial for determining the stoichiometry involved and the theoretical yield of products.
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Combustion Apparatus

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry involves the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on the balanced equation. It allows us to determine how much product can be formed from a given amount of reactant. In this question, stoichiometry is used to find the theoretical yield of water produced from the combustion of ethanol, which is essential for calculating percent yield.
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Stoichiometry Concept

Percent Yield

Percent yield is a measure of the efficiency of a chemical reaction, calculated by comparing the actual yield of a product to the theoretical yield. It is expressed as a percentage: (actual yield / theoretical yield) × 100%. In this scenario, calculating the percent yield of water produced from the combustion of ethanol will help assess how effectively the reaction occurred.
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Percent Yield in Reactions
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