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Which option correctly lists three major ways RNA differs from DNA?
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7. DNA and Chromosome Structure
RNA
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In RNA, what is the five-carbon (pentose) sugar found in the nucleotide backbone?
A
Glucose
B
Fructose
C
Ribose
D
Deoxyribose
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Understand that nucleotides, the building blocks of RNA and DNA, consist of three components: a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a five-carbon sugar (pentose).
Recall that the sugar in the nucleotide backbone differs between RNA and DNA, which is a key factor in their structural and functional differences.
Identify that in RNA, the sugar is a ribose sugar, which has a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the 2' carbon atom of the sugar ring.
Contrast this with DNA, where the sugar is deoxyribose, which lacks the hydroxyl group at the 2' carbon, having only a hydrogen atom instead.
Conclude that among the options given (Glucose, Fructose, Ribose, Deoxyribose), the correct five-carbon sugar in RNA nucleotides is Ribose.
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