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Sequencing the Genome definitions

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Termini in questo insieme (15)

  • Genomic DNA
    Entire genetic material of an organism, fragmented for sequencing to reveal the order of nucleotides across all chromosomes.
  • Restriction Enzyme
    Protein that recognizes specific DNA sequences and cuts DNA, generating fragments for sequencing.
  • Read
    Short, overlapping DNA fragment produced during sequencing, essential for reconstructing the original sequence.
  • Pyrosequencing
    Technique detecting DNA sequence by measuring light signals released during nucleotide incorporation.
  • Consensus Sequence
    Composite DNA sequence assembled from overlapping reads, representing the most common base at each position.
  • Traditional Whole Genome Sequencing
    Method using bacterial cells to amplify DNA fragments inserted into plasmids before sequencing.
  • Next Generation Sequencing
    Automated, high-throughput approach using small reaction volumes and cell-free amplification for rapid DNA sequencing.
  • Repetitive DNA Sequence
    Long stretches of repeated nucleotide patterns in the genome, complicating sequence assembly and alignment.
  • Paired End Read
    Sequencing strategy reading both ends of a DNA fragment, aiding alignment across repetitive or unknown regions.
  • Sequence Assembly
    Computational process of aligning and merging overlapping reads to reconstruct the original DNA sequence.
  • Contig
    Continuous DNA sequence built from overlapping reads, representing a segment of the genome.
  • Vector
    Circular DNA molecule, often a plasmid, used to carry and replicate DNA fragments in bacteria during sequencing.
  • Dideoxynucleotide
    Modified nucleotide lacking a 3' hydroxyl group, causing chain termination during DNA synthesis in Sanger sequencing.
  • Sanger Sequencing
    Classic sequencing method using dideoxynucleotides to terminate DNA synthesis, generating fragments for sequence determination.
  • Alignment
    Arrangement of DNA sequences to identify regions of similarity, essential for detecting insertions, deletions, or rearrangements.