IndietroGenetics: Cell Division and Key Terminologies
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Termini in questo insieme (20)
Mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction.
Meiosis produces four genetically diverse haploid gametes for sexual reproduction.
Two diploid daughter cells genetically identical to the parent cell.
Four haploid cells, each genetically distinct from the parent and each other.
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Chromosomes condense, spindle fibers form, and the nuclear envelope breaks down.
Chromosomes align at the cell's equator, attached to spindle fibers.
Sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell.
Chromatids reach poles, nuclear envelopes reform, and chromosomes decondense.
Meiosis has two rounds of division (meiosis I and II), mitosis has one.
Crossing over during prophase I increases genetic variation by exchanging DNA between homologous chromosomes.
Pairs of chromosomes, one from each parent, that have the same genes at the same loci but may have different alleles.
An alternative form of a gene found at the same locus on homologous chromosomes.
The specific physical location of a gene on a chromosome.
Chromosome number is halved, producing haploid cells from a diploid parent.
The random distribution of maternal and paternal chromosomes into gametes during meiosis I.
Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes; meiosis II separates sister chromatids.
It enables growth, tissue repair, and maintenance by producing identical cells.
Diploid (\(2n\)) cells identical to the parent.
Haploid (\(n\)) cells with half the chromosome number of the parent.