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GOB Chemistry Basic Concepts

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Termini in questo insieme (29)

  • What is a chemical?
    A chemical is a substance that has the same composition and properties wherever it is found.
  • Define chemistry.
    Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter.
  • What is a hypothesis?
    A hypothesis is an unverified explanation of a natural phenomenon.
  • What is an experiment?
    An experiment is a procedure that tests the validity of a hypothesis.
  • What is a conclusion in scientific method?
    A conclusion is an explanation of an observation validated by repeated experiments supporting a hypothesis.
  • Describe the scientific method.
    The scientific method involves making observations, proposing a hypothesis, testing it, and drawing conclusions after validation.
  • What is scientific notation?
    Scientific notation is a way to write large or small numbers using a coefficient between 1 and 10 followed by a power of 10.
  • What is the Celsius temperature scale?
    The Celsius scale sets water's freezing point at 0°C and boiling point at 100°C.
  • Define centimeter (cm).
    A centimeter is a metric unit of length; there are 2.54 cm in 1 inch.
  • What is a conversion factor?
    A conversion factor is a ratio derived from an equality between two units used to convert measurements.
  • Define cubic centimeter (cm³).
    A cubic centimeter is the volume of a cube with 1 cm sides; it equals 1 milliliter.
  • What is density?
    Density is the mass of an object divided by its volume, expressed in g/cm³, g/mL, or g/L.
  • What is an equality in measurement?
    An equality is a relationship between two units measuring the same quantity.
  • What is an exact number?
    An exact number is obtained by counting or definition, not by measurement.
  • Define gram (g).
    A gram is the metric unit used to measure mass.
  • What is the International System of Units (SI)?
    The SI is the official global measurement system, modifying the metric system.
  • Describe the Kelvin temperature scale.
    The Kelvin scale sets absolute zero as the lowest possible temperature.
  • What is a kilogram?
    A kilogram is a metric mass unit equal to 1000 grams and is the SI standard unit of mass.
  • Define liter (L).
    A liter is a metric unit of volume, slightly larger than a quart.
  • What is mass?
    Mass is the measure of the quantity of material in an object.
  • What is a measured number?
    A measured number is obtained using a measuring device.
  • Define meter (m).
    A meter is the SI standard unit of length, slightly longer than a yard.
  • What is the metric system?
    The metric system is a decimal-based system of measurement used worldwide by scientists.
  • Define milliliter (mL).
    A milliliter is one-thousandth of a liter, a metric unit of volume.
  • What is a prefix in metric units?
    A prefix precedes a base unit name and specifies the size of the measurement on a decimal scale.
  • Define second (s).
    A second is the SI and metric system unit of time.
  • What are significant figures (SFs)?
    Significant figures are the numbers recorded in a measurement indicating its precision.
  • What is specific gravity (sp gr)?
    Specific gravity is the ratio of a substance's density to the density of water.
  • Define volume (V).
    Volume is the amount of space occupied by a substance.