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GOB Chemistry Exam I Review

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Termini in questo insieme (15)

  • What is chemistry?

    Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, how and why substances combine or separate, and how substances interact with energy.

  • What is matter?

    Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.

  • What are chemicals?

    Chemicals are substances with a defined composition and distinct properties, which make up matter.

  • What are the steps in the scientific method?

    Observation, hypothesis formation, experimentation, analysis, and conclusion.

  • Where are metals, nonmetals, and metalloids located on the periodic table?

    Metals are on the left and center, nonmetals on the right, and metalloids lie along the zigzag line between metals and nonmetals.

  • What are the subatomic particles of an atom?

    Protons, neutrons, and electrons.

  • Which is NOT a subatomic particle: proton, photon, neutron, electron?

    Photon is not a subatomic particle; it is a particle of light.

  • What particles make up the nucleus of an atom?

    The nucleus contains protons and neutrons.

  • Which subatomic particle has no charge?

    Neutron has no charge.

  • Define atomic number, mass number, and isotope.

    Atomic number = number of protons; mass number = protons + neutrons; isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

  • How many neutrons are in manganese isotope with mass number 55?

    Manganese has atomic number 25, so neutrons = 55 - 25 = 30 neutrons.

  • What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

    Ionic bonds form by transfer of electrons between metals and nonmetals; covalent bonds form by sharing electrons between nonmetals.

  • What is a polyatomic ion?

    A charged ion composed of two or more atoms covalently bonded.

  • How are molecular compounds formed?

    By sharing electrons between two or more nonmetal atoms (covalent bonding).

  • Which statement is FALSE about chemical bonds? A) Ionic bonds transfer electrons from metal to nonmetal B) Covalent bonds share electrons between nonmetals C) Ionic bonds are attractions between oppositely charged ions D) When metal loses electrons, a negative ion is formed

    D is false; when metal loses electrons, a positive ion (cation) is formed.