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GOB Chemistry: Units, Laws, and Scientific Notation

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Termini in questo insieme (20)

  • What is the relationship between a decigram and a gram?
    1 decigram (dg) = 0.1 gram (g), meaning a decigram is smaller than a gram by a factor of 10.
  • How many centigrams are in one gram?
    100 centigrams (cg) = 1 gram (g). Centigrams are smaller units than grams by a factor of 100.
  • What does the prefix 'milli' represent in terms of grams?
    1 milligram (mg) = 0.001 gram (g). Milli means one thousandth of the base unit.
  • What is the size relationship of a kilogram to a gram?
    1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 grams (g). Kilogram is 1000 times larger than the base unit gram.
  • List the metric prefixes from larger to smaller around the base unit gram.
    Kilo (1000x), base unit gram (1x), deci (0.1x), centi (0.01x), milli (0.001x), micro (1.0×10⁻⁶), nano (1.0×10⁻⁹).
  • What is the purpose of scientific notation?
    To make very large or very small numbers easier to work with by expressing them as a coefficient times 10 raised to an exponent.
  • How do you identify a positive versus a negative exponent in scientific notation?
    Positive exponent means the number is larger than one; negative exponent means the number is smaller than one.
  • What is the general form of scientific notation?
    A number expressed as \(a \times 10^{n}\) where a is between 1 and 10, and n is an integer exponent.
  • How do you convert 3970 into scientific notation?
    Move the decimal 3 places left: \(3.97 \times 10^{3}\).
  • What is Boyle's Law formula and what does it describe?
    Boyle's Law: \(P_i V_i = P_f V_f\). It describes the inverse relationship between pressure and volume at constant temperature.
  • What is Charles's Law formula and what does it describe?
    Charles's Law: \(\frac{V_i}{T_i} = \frac{V_f}{T_f}\). It describes the direct relationship between volume and temperature at constant pressure.
  • What are the customary and metric units for mass?
    Customary: pounds (lbs); Metric: grams (g).
  • What are the customary and metric units for volume?
    Customary: fluid ounces (fl. oz); Metric: liters (L).
  • What are the customary and metric units for length?
    Customary: inches (in); Metric: meters (m).
  • How do you convert 1 kilogram to pounds?
    1 kilogram = 2.205 pounds (lbs).
  • How many milliliters are in 1 teaspoon?
    1 teaspoon (tsp) = 5.0 milliliters (mL).
  • What is the equivalence between milliliters and cubic centimeters?
    1 milliliter (mL) = 1 cubic centimeter (cc).
  • How many kilometers are in 1 mile?
    1 mile (mi) = 1.609 kilometers (km).
  • What is the meaning of the coefficient in scientific notation?
    The coefficient is the first part of the number, greater than or equal to 1 but less than 10.
  • What does the exponent in scientific notation represent?
    The exponent shows how many times the decimal point was moved to convert the number into scientific notation.