Domanda del libro di testo
What are the molarity and the normality of a solution made by dissolving 25 g of citric acid (triprotic, C6H5O7H3) in enough water to make 800 mL of solution?
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Ch.10 Acids and Bases
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 10, Problema 88a
How many equivalents of an acid or base are in the following?
a. 0.25 mol Mg(OH)2
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the concept of equivalents: In acid-base chemistry, an equivalent is the amount of a substance that reacts with or supplies one mole of hydrogen ions (H⁺) or hydroxide ions (OH⁻). For bases, the number of equivalents is determined by the number of OH⁻ ions the base can release per mole.
Determine the chemical formula of the base: The given compound is magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)₂. Each formula unit of Mg(OH)₂ contains two hydroxide ions (OH⁻).
Calculate the number of equivalents per mole of Mg(OH)₂: Since each mole of Mg(OH)₂ releases 2 moles of OH⁻ ions, there are 2 equivalents of base per mole of Mg(OH)₂.
Multiply the number of moles of Mg(OH)₂ by the number of equivalents per mole: Use the relationship: \( \text{Equivalents} = \text{moles} \times \text{equivalents per mole} \). Substituting the given value, \( 0.25 \text{ mol Mg(OH)₂} \times 2 \text{ equivalents/mol} \).
Simplify the expression to find the total number of equivalents: Perform the multiplication to determine the total equivalents of the base present in 0.25 mol of Mg(OH)₂.
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Equivalents in Acid-Base Chemistry
In acid-base chemistry, an equivalent refers to the amount of a substance that can donate or accept one mole of protons (H⁺ ions). For acids, this is often the number of protons they can donate, while for bases, it is the number of protons they can accept. Understanding equivalents is crucial for stoichiometric calculations in titrations and reactions involving acids and bases.
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Percorso guidato
00:46
Acid-Base Equivalents Concept 2
Stoichiometry of Magnesium Hydroxide
Magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)₂, is a strong base that dissociates in water to produce magnesium ions (Mg²⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻). Each formula unit of Mg(OH)₂ can provide two hydroxide ions, which means it can neutralize two protons. This stoichiometric relationship is essential for calculating the number of equivalents present in a given amount of the compound.
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01:16Stoichiometry
Calculating Equivalents
To calculate the number of equivalents of a substance, you multiply the number of moles by the number of reactive units per mole. For Mg(OH)₂, with 0.25 moles present and each mole providing two equivalents (due to two hydroxide ions), the calculation would be 0.25 moles × 2 equivalents/mole, resulting in 0.5 equivalents. This method is fundamental in determining the reactivity of acids and bases in various chemical reactions.
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01:43Equivalents Concept 1
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