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In their elemental form, which type of substance can exist as both single atoms (monatomic) and as molecules (polyatomic) depending on the element?
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5. Molecules and Compounds
Periodic Table: Elemental Forms (Simplified)
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Which of the following is a polyatomic element?
A
Chlorine
B
Oxygen
C
Hydrogen
D
Iron
E
Selenium
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Understand the concept of a polyatomic element: A polyatomic element is one that naturally exists as molecules consisting of multiple atoms of the same element bonded together.
Identify the common forms of the elements listed: Chlorine (Cl₂), Oxygen (O₂), and Hydrogen (H₂) are diatomic molecules, meaning they naturally exist as two atoms bonded together. Iron (Fe) is a metallic element that does not form molecules in its natural state.
Recognize that Selenium (Se) can form polyatomic molecules, such as Se₈, which is a ring of eight selenium atoms bonded together.
Compare the molecular forms: While Chlorine, Oxygen, and Hydrogen are diatomic, Selenium can form larger polyatomic structures.
Conclude that Selenium is the polyatomic element among the options provided, as it can naturally exist in a form with more than two atoms bonded together.
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