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Which process enables bacteria within a biofilm to coordinate gene expression in response to cell density?
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7. Prokaryotic Cell Structures & Functions
Introduction to Biofilms
1:57 minutiProblema 8
Domanda del libro di testo
Which of the following is not a characteristic of biofilms?
a. Antibiotic resistance
b. Hydrogel
c. Iron deficiency
d. Quorum sensing
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Step 1: Understand what a biofilm is. A biofilm is a structured community of microbial cells enclosed in a self-produced polymeric matrix and adherent to an inert or living surface.
Step 2: Review the characteristics of biofilms. Common features include antibiotic resistance due to the protective matrix, the presence of a hydrogel-like extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), and quorum sensing, which is cell-to-cell communication that regulates gene expression in response to population density.
Step 3: Analyze each option in the context of biofilm characteristics: (a) Antibiotic resistance is typical because biofilms protect bacteria from antibiotics; (b) Hydrogel refers to the EPS matrix that holds the biofilm together; (c) Iron deficiency is not a characteristic of biofilms themselves but rather a condition that might affect bacterial growth; (d) Quorum sensing is a key mechanism in biofilm formation and maintenance.
Step 4: Identify the option that does not fit as a characteristic of biofilms. Since iron deficiency is not inherently a feature of biofilms but rather an environmental or physiological condition, it is the correct choice.
Step 5: Conclude that the answer is the option that does not describe a biofilm characteristic, which is iron deficiency.
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Biofilm Structure and Composition
Biofilms are communities of microorganisms attached to surfaces, embedded in a self-produced matrix called a hydrogel. This matrix protects the cells and helps maintain the biofilm’s structural integrity.
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03:14
Biofilms
Antibiotic Resistance in Biofilms
Microorganisms within biofilms exhibit increased resistance to antibiotics compared to free-floating cells. This resistance arises from limited drug penetration, altered microenvironment, and protective mechanisms within the biofilm.
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03:14Biofilms
Quorum Sensing in Biofilms
Quorum sensing is a cell-to-cell communication process that bacteria use to coordinate gene expression based on population density. It regulates biofilm formation, maintenance, and dispersal by controlling collective behaviors.
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04:13Quorum Sensing
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