IndietroCarbohydrates definitions
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1/15IndietroSkip to main contentIndietroCarbohydrate
A carbon-based molecule with multiple hydroxyl groups, serving as a primary energy source and structural component in cells. Saccharide
A sugar unit, ranging from single molecules to long chains, forming the basic building blocks of carbohydrates. Monosaccharide
A single sugar unit acting as the monomer for larger carbohydrate structures, exemplified by glucose. Oligosaccharide
A carbohydrate composed of 2 to 20 covalently linked monosaccharide units, often involved in cell recognition. Polysaccharide
A polymer consisting of more than 20 monosaccharide units, serving roles in energy storage and structural support. Glucose
The most abundant simple sugar, following the formula C6H12O6, and a key energy source for cells. Glycosidic Bond
A covalent linkage formed between monosaccharide units during the synthesis of larger carbohydrate molecules. Dehydration Synthesis
A process that joins monosaccharides by removing a water molecule, resulting in the formation of larger carbohydrates. Hydrolysis
A reaction that splits polysaccharides into monosaccharides by adding water, facilitating carbohydrate breakdown. Cellulose
A structural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls, providing rigidity and support to plant cells. Chitin
A structural polysaccharide present in the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans, offering protection and support. Starch
A storage polysaccharide in plants, composed of glucose units, serving as an energy reserve. Glycogen
A storage polysaccharide in animals, primarily found in the liver and muscles, storing glucose for energy. Hydroxyl Group
A functional group consisting of an oxygen and hydrogen atom, abundant in carbohydrate structures. Energy Storage
A primary function of certain carbohydrates, allowing organisms to retain and mobilize glucose as needed.
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