IndietroQuiz #2
02:13
Termini in questo insieme (62)
Which nucleotide base is found only in DNA?
Thymine
A scientist buys a machine that makes DNA. She has to provide necessary chemicals. These would include
deoxyribose
Which of the following is NOT a type of cellular RNA involved in protein synthesis?
Double-stranded
Each nucleotide has a
nitrogenous base
Suppose a new alien food has been discovered. It is a liquid that is used to feed the young of an alien animal species, but other species can benefit from the macromolecules within it as well. It can be highly purified so that no potential pathogens are passed on when it is consumed.
Lipids, proteins, and simple carbohydrates
Each nucleotide is composed of a(n) _____.
pentose sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
Which of the following is NOT a normal function of nucleotides?
building blocks of proteins
The difference between ribose sugars and deoxyribose sugars is that _____.
ribose sugars have an extra oxygen atom
Which nitrogenous base is found only in RNA?
uracil
During the formation of a nucleic acid, such as DNA, the phosphate group of a new nucleotide covalently binds to _____ of the existing string of nucleotides.
the 3' carbon
Nucleosides differ from nucleotides in that nucleosides _____.
are missing a phosphate
The high amount of energy stored within a molecule of the nucleotide adenosine triphosphate may be found _____.
within the phosphate-phosphate bonds
The nucleotide _____ is an important signaling molecule within many cells.
cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Matter composed of a single type of atom is an element.
True
Unstable isotopes can be useful
in medical diagnosis.
Which of the following does not contribute significantly to the mass of an atom?
electron
The number of protons identifies an element. What characteristic tells us how many protons an atom has?
Atomic number
Which of the following subatomic particles does NOT have a charge?
neutrons
Hydrogen bonds are stronger then covalent bonds.
false
Which of the following is an organic compound?
C6H12O6
The type(s) of bond produced when atoms with somewhat different electronegativities share electrons is/are
a polar covalent bond.
The valence of an atom represents its
ability to interact with other atoms.
A stable atom has ________ in its valence shell.
8 electrons
What is the name for an atom that has a full positive or negative charge?
ion
An atom with a total of six electrons would have how many valence electrons?
4
Which of the following is a molecule, but NOT a compound?
O2
If you know that sodium chloride molecules contain ionic bonds, which of the following electronegativity values would be appropriate for the elements sodium and chlorine?
0.9 and 3.0
One of the products of a reaction occurring in a cell is water. What type of reaction is likely to be involved?
a synthesis reaction
The reverse of a dehydration synthesis reaction is a(n) ________ reaction.
hydrolytic
Which of the following is an INCORRECT pairing?
hydrolysis; hydrogen bonds
Some chemical reactions require energy in order to occur. What do you call those reactions?
Endothermic
Catabolism includes all of the following types of reactions EXCEPT __________.
dehydration synthesis reactions
If you know that a particular chemical reaction involves the production of smaller molecules from the breakdown of larger molecules, which of the following statements would you expect to be true?
The reaction releases energy.
Salts are produced from exchange reactions in which acids and bases neutralize each other.
True
A(n) ________ is a compound that dissolves into anions and cations in water.
peptidoglycan
An acid dissociates in water to release
both anions and hydrogen ions.
What do you call a substance that helps remove excess hydrogen or hydroxyl ions from a solution, helping it maintain a stable internal pH?
Buffer
Water dissolves a wide variety of molecules. What is the term for a substance that can dissolve molecules?
Solvent
Cranberry juice has a pH of 2.4, while grape juice has a pH of 3.3; which juice is more acidic?
cranberry juice
Which of the following is the most alkaline (basic) pH?
pH 13.0
Dehydration synthesis is a common feature of polymer production in cells.
True
Denaturation of a protein is always permanent.
False
Which of the following is found in RNA but not DNA?
Ribose
DNA is composed of repeating units of sugars, phosphates, and nucleic acids. This is an example of a
Polymer
Lipids found in the cytoplasmic membranes of all eukaryotic cells are
phospholipids
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is resistant to drying due to the presence of ________ in its cell wall.
Waxes
Which of the following is an INCORRECT pairing?
secondary structure; disulfide bridges
All of the following are associated with ATP molecules EXCEPT
a long-term energy supply.
The double-strands of DNA result from the formation of ________ between the bases.
hydrogen bonds
Which of the following are examples of pyrimidines?
cytosine and thymine
Hydrogen bonds are found in all of the following EXCEPT
between phosphates in ATP.
All of the following are components of an amino acid EXCEPT a(n)
pentose group
Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?
glycogen
Organisms use carbohydrates in all of the following ways EXCEPT
to keep membranes flexible at low temperatures.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of saturated fats?
They contain at least one double bond
Which nucleic acid controls the synthesis of enzymes and regulatory proteins?
DNA
What type of bond joins amino acids together to form proteins?
Peptide
What is the simplest type of carbohydrate?
Monosaccharides
Which of the following is NOT a type of lipid?
peptidoglycan
Sucrose is an example of which of the following?
a disaccharide
What is the common trait of all lipids?
They are at least partially hydrophobic.
Which of the following is NOT true of hydrogen bonds?
Hydrogen bonds are important only in the interaction between water molecules.