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Ch. 13 - Immune System Disorders
Norman-McKay- Microbiology: Basic and Clinical Principles 2nd Edition
Norman-McKay2nd EditionMicrobiology: Basic and Clinical PrinciplesISBN: 9780137661619Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoNorman-McKay 2nd EditionCh. 13 - Immune System DisordersProblema 15
Capitolo 9, Problema 15

Which of the following is (are) true regarding primary immunodeficiencies? Select all that apply.
a. These disorders tend to be present from birth.
b. These disorders are also called congenital immunodeficiencies.
c. These disorders are more common in elderly patients.
d. Patients with these disorders may not have a familial history of immunodeficiencies.
e. Patients with these disorders tend to experience recurring, persistent, and severe infections, often caused by uncommon agents.

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Step 1: Understand the definition of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs). These are genetic or congenital disorders that affect the immune system's ability to function properly, typically present from birth.
Step 2: Analyze option (a): Since PIDs are genetic or congenital, they tend to be present from birth. This aligns with the definition of primary immunodeficiencies.
Step 3: Analyze option (b): Because PIDs are present from birth, they are also called congenital immunodeficiencies, making this statement true.
Step 4: Analyze option (c): PIDs are not more common in elderly patients; rather, secondary immunodeficiencies (due to aging, infections, or other causes) are more common in that group. So this statement is false.
Step 5: Analyze options (d) and (e): Patients with PIDs may or may not have a familial history due to variable inheritance patterns, so (d) can be true. Also, these patients often experience recurring, persistent, and severe infections, often caused by uncommon pathogens, making (e) true.

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Primary Immunodeficiencies

Primary immunodeficiencies are genetic disorders that impair the immune system's ability to fight infections. They are usually present from birth and result from inherited or spontaneous mutations affecting immune cells or molecules.
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Clinical Presentation and Epidemiology

Patients with primary immunodeficiencies often experience recurrent, persistent, or severe infections, sometimes caused by unusual pathogens. These disorders are typically diagnosed in childhood but can vary in severity and may lack a clear family history.
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Free Antigens vs. Presented Antigens on APCs

Terminology: Congenital vs. Acquired Immunodeficiencies

Primary immunodeficiencies are also known as congenital immunodeficiencies because they are present at birth due to genetic causes. In contrast, secondary or acquired immunodeficiencies develop later in life due to external factors like infections or aging.
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Primary vs. Secondary Infections
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Imagine that one of your patients is an emergency medical technician who has a family history of autoimmune disorders and allergy, but she does not currently suffer from either. Which of the following is (are) most likely true of your patient? Select all that apply.

a. She is at an increased risk for cancer

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e. Mast cells

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