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Ch. 6 - Viruses and Prions
Norman-McKay- Microbiology: Basic and Clinical Principles 2nd Edition
Norman-McKay2nd EditionMicrobiology: Basic and Clinical PrinciplesISBN: 9780137661619Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoNorman-McKay 2nd EditionCh. 6 - Viruses and PrionsProblema 11
Capitolo 3, Problema 11

Why don’t bacteriophages undergo an “uncoating” step during replication?

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Understand the concept of "uncoating" in viral replication: it refers to the removal of the viral capsid to release the viral genome into the host cell.
Recognize that bacteriophages inject their genetic material directly into the bacterial host cell, unlike many animal viruses that enter the host cell entirely.
Since bacteriophages do not enter the host cell as complete virions, their capsid remains outside the bacterial cell surface during infection.
Because the viral genome is directly delivered into the bacterial cytoplasm, there is no need for a separate uncoating step to release the genome inside the host.
Conclude that the absence of an uncoating step in bacteriophage replication is due to their unique infection mechanism involving direct genome injection rather than whole virion entry.

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Bacteriophage Structure and Genome Delivery

Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria by injecting their genetic material directly into the host cell, leaving the protein coat outside. This direct genome delivery means the viral nucleic acid is already inside the host cytoplasm, eliminating the need for an uncoating step.
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Genome Variability

Uncoating in Viral Replication

Uncoating is the process where a virus removes its protein coat to release its genome inside a host cell. This step is essential for many animal viruses that enter the cell enclosed in their capsid, but is unnecessary for bacteriophages due to their injection mechanism.
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Persistent Viral Infections

Differences Between Animal Viruses and Bacteriophages

Animal viruses typically enter host cells via endocytosis or membrane fusion, requiring uncoating to access the genome. In contrast, bacteriophages inject their genome through the bacterial cell wall, bypassing the need for uncoating and streamlining replication.
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Animal Viruses: 3. Synthesis & Replication
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Domanda del libro di testo

A young man comes into your clinic and asks for an HIV test. He had unprotected sex two weeks ago and is nervous. His best option would be a(n):

a. ELISA of anti-HIV antibodies

b. Test that detects HIV genes

c. Latex agglutination test

d. Cell culture of blood sample

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Domanda del libro di testo

Which of the following is a potential feature of an animal virus? Select all that apply.

a. Presence of an envelope

b. Presence of a naked icosahedral capsid

c. Ability to inject naked RNA into the host cell

d. Ability to integrate into the host cell’s genome

e. Ability to cause host cell lysis

f. Ability to build DNA from an RNA template

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Domanda del libro di testo

Which of the following could inform you if your patient had a previous infection with a nonpersistent virus and recovered? Select all that apply.

a. A PCR test

b. A plaque assay

c. An ELISA test

d. An agglutination assay

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Domanda del libro di testo

Match the following terms.

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