Ch. 10 - Classification of Microorganisms

Tortora - Microbiology: An Introduction 14th Edition

Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo

Tortora 14th Edition

Ch. 10 - Classification of Microorganisms

Problema 10

Capitolo 6, Problema 10

Use the following choices to answer questions 9 and 10.
1. 9 + 2 flagella
2. 70s ribosome
3. fimbria
4. nucleus
5. peptidoglycan
6. plasma membrane
Which is (are) found only in prokaryotes?
a. 1,4,6
b. 3,5
c. 1,2
d. 4
e. 2,4,5

Guida verificata passo dopo passo

Step 1: Identify the structures or components listed and determine whether they are found in prokaryotes, eukaryotes, or both. For example, understand that a nucleus (choice 4) is a defining feature of eukaryotic cells and is absent in prokaryotes.

Step 2: Recognize that peptidoglycan (choice 5) is a unique component of the bacterial cell wall, which is characteristic of prokaryotes and not found in eukaryotic cells.

Step 3: Understand that fimbriae (choice 3) are hair-like appendages found on many prokaryotic cells used for attachment, and are generally absent in eukaryotic cells.

Step 4: Analyze the options given in the multiple-choice answers and match them with the components exclusive to prokaryotes based on your knowledge from the previous steps.

Step 5: Conclude which combination of choices corresponds to structures found only in prokaryotes by eliminating those that include eukaryotic features such as the nucleus.

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Prokaryotic Cell Structures

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They have unique features such as 70s ribosomes, peptidoglycan in their cell walls, and structures like fimbriae and flagella with a 9 + 2 arrangement. Understanding these structures helps differentiate prokaryotes from eukaryotes.

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Overview of Prokaryotic Cell Structure

Peptidoglycan

Peptidoglycan is a polymer forming a rigid cell wall layer found only in bacteria, a major group of prokaryotes. It provides structural support and shape, protecting cells from osmotic pressure. This molecule is absent in eukaryotic cells, making it a key marker for prokaryotes.

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01:58

Peptidoglycan

Nucleus and Membrane-bound Organelles

The nucleus is a defining feature of eukaryotic cells, containing genetic material enclosed by a membrane. Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and instead have a nucleoid region. Recognizing the presence or absence of a nucleus is essential for distinguishing prokaryotic from eukaryotic cells.

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03:45

Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles

Pratica correlata

Domanda del libro di testo

Use the following choices to answer questions 7 and 8.

a. Animalia

b. Fungi

c. Plantae

d. Bacillota (gram-positive bacteria)

e. Pseudomonadota (gram-negative bacteria)

Into which group would you place a photosynthetic organism that lacks a nucleus and has a thin peptidoglycan wall surrounded by an outer membrane?

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Domanda del libro di testo

The wall-less mycoplasmas are considered to be related to gram-positive bacteria. Which of the following would provide the most compelling evidence for this?

a. They share common rRNA sequences.

b. Some gram-positive bacteria and some mycoplasmas produce catalase.

c. Both groups are prokaryotic.

d. Some gram-positive bacteria and some mycoplasmas have coccus-shaped cells.

e. Both groups contain human pathogens.

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Domanda del libro di testo

Use the following choices to answer questions 9 and 10.

1. 9 + 2 flagella

2. 70s ribosome

3. fimbria