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Ch. 16 - Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host
Tortora - Microbiology: An Introduction 14th Edition
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoTortora 14th EditionCh. 16 - Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the HostProblema 9
Capitolo 12, Problema 9

Which of the following statements about IFN-α is false?
a. It interferes with viral replication.
b. It is host-cell–specific.
c. It is released by fibroblasts.
d. It is virus-specific.
e. It is released by lymphocytes.

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Step 1: Understand what IFN- (Interferon) refers to in the context of microbiology. IFNs are proteins released by host cells in response to pathogens such as viruses, and they help interfere with viral replication.
Step 2: Review the general properties of interferons, especially focusing on their specificity. Interferons are generally not virus-specific but rather host-cell-specific, meaning they act on cells of the host organism rather than targeting specific viruses.
Step 3: Analyze each statement individually: (a) IFN interferes with viral replication — this is true as it helps inhibit virus multiplication; (b) IFN is host-cell–specific — this is true because it acts on host cells to induce antiviral states; (c) IFN is released by fibroblasts — this is true as fibroblasts can produce certain types of interferons; (d) IFN is virus-specific — this is likely false because interferons are not specific to particular viruses; (e) IFN is released by lymphocytes — this is true since lymphocytes, especially T cells, can produce interferons.
Step 4: Conclude that the false statement is the one claiming IFN is virus-specific, as interferons act broadly against viruses by inducing antiviral states in host cells rather than targeting specific viruses.
Step 5: Summarize that understanding the mechanism and source of interferons helps identify the incorrect statement by comparing each option to known biological facts about IFNs.

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Interferon (IFN) Function

Interferons are proteins produced by host cells in response to viral infections. They help inhibit viral replication by interfering with the virus's ability to reproduce inside host cells, thus playing a crucial role in the innate immune response.
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Host-Cell Specificity vs. Virus Specificity

Interferons are host-cell–specific, meaning they act on the cells of the organism producing them to induce antiviral states. However, they are not virus-specific; they do not target a particular virus but provide a broad antiviral effect against many viruses.
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Sources of Interferon Production

Different types of interferons are produced by various cells: fibroblasts primarily release type I interferons (like IFN-alpha), while lymphocytes (especially natural killer cells and T cells) produce other types. Understanding which cells produce IFN helps clarify their role in immune defense.
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Interferon Response
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