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Ch. 2 - Chemical Principles
Tortora - Microbiology: An Introduction 14th Edition
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Capitolo 2, Problema 8

Classify each of the molecules on the left as an acid, base, or salt. The dissociation products of the molecules are shown to help you.
H2SO4 → 2H+ + SO42⁻
a. Acid
b. Base
c. Salt

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Identify the molecule given: H₂SO₄ (sulfuric acid).
Look at the dissociation products: 2H⁺ and SO₄²⁻.
Recall that acids are substances that release H⁺ ions (protons) when dissolved in water.
Since H₂SO₄ dissociates to release 2H⁺ ions, it fits the definition of an acid.
Therefore, classify H₂SO₄ as an acid based on its dissociation into hydrogen ions and sulfate ions.

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Acids and Their Ionization

Acids are molecules that release hydrogen ions (H⁺) when dissolved in water. For example, H₂SO₄ dissociates to produce H⁺ ions, which increase the solution's acidity. Understanding acid ionization helps classify molecules based on their ability to donate protons.
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Acids

Bases and Their Ionization

Bases are substances that accept hydrogen ions or release hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in solution. Identifying bases involves recognizing molecules that increase OH⁻ concentration or remove H⁺ ions, which raises the pH of the solution.
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Bases

Salts and Their Formation

Salts are ionic compounds formed from the neutralization reaction between acids and bases. They dissociate into cations and anions that are neither H⁺ nor OH⁻, such as SO₄²⁻ in the example, and do not affect the pH significantly on their own.
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Formation & Breakdown of Polysaccharides
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