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Indietro

nutrition metabolism test 1

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Termini in questo insieme (23)

  • insulin stimulates the uptake of this

    glucose

  • what is the name of the stored form of glucose

    glycogen

  • what kind of pancreatic cells secretes glucagon?

    alpha cells

  • this stimulates the liver to release glucose and use amino acids to create glucose (gluconeogenesis)

    glucagon

  • glucagon stimulates the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose which is released into the blood and transported to the cells for energy. what is the name of this process?

    glyconeolysis

  • these two hormones stimulate glucose release from the liver and increase gluconeogenesis in moments of stress when you suddenly need energy to react quickly

    epinephrine and norepinephrine

  • a measure of hoe food affect blood glucose

    glycemic index

  • the amount of carbohydrate multiplied by the glycemic index of that carbohydrate divided by 100

    glycemic load

  • what kind of exercise breaks down fat for energy? (aerobic or anaerobic)

    aerobic

  • this can occur if too many ketones accumulate in susceptible individuals (common in diabetics, prolonged starvation and alcoholism)

    ketoacidosis

  • what is the RDA for carbohydrates? (how many grams? this number is based on the amount of glucose the brain needs, this is not enough to support daily activities for most people)

    130 grams

  • what is the acceptable macronutrient distribution range for carbohydrates?

    45-65%

  • consuming excess amounts of this leads to triglyceride formation and storage.

    sugar

  • type 2 diabetes makes up what percentage of diabetes diagnoses?

    90-95%

  • what form of diabetes is an auto immune disease that causes the body to attack the pancreatic beta cells that produce insulin ?

    type 1 diabetes

  • the three types of lipids

    triglycerides

    phospholipids

    sterols

  • consists of one glycerol molecule and three fatty acid molecules

    triglycerides

  • method of lipid digestion, absorption, metabolism, and use in the body is determined by:

    fatty acid chain length

  • how many carbon atoms are in long chain fatty acids?

    14 or more

  • how many carbon atoms are in short chain fatty acids?

    less than 6

  • this type of fatty acid has hydrogen atoms surrounding every carbon in the chain ( no double bonds) it is solid at room temperature

    saturated fatty acid

  • this type of fatty acid lacks one hydrogen atom / one double bond. It is liquid at room temperature

    monounsaturated fatty acid

  • this type of fatty acid has more than one double bond and is a liquid at room temperature

    polyunsaturated fatty acid