IndietroSN1 Reaction definitions
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1/15IndietroSkip to main contentIndietroSN1 Mechanism
A two-step substitution process involving a neutral nucleophile and formation of a carbocation intermediate. Carbocation
A positively charged carbon species with three bonds, sp2 hybridization, and trigonal planar geometry. Intermediate
A distinct, isolatable species formed between steps of a reaction, unlike a fleeting transition state. Leaving Group
An atom or group, often a halogen, that departs from the substrate, enabling carbocation formation. Nucleophile
A neutral molecule with electron pairs that attacks electrophilic centers, often a solvent in this context. Unimolecular Kinetics
A rate law dependent solely on substrate concentration, reflecting the slow, carbocation-forming step. Racemization
The creation of a 1:1 mixture of enantiomers due to planar intermediate allowing attack from either side. Solvolysis
A reaction where the solvent acts as the nucleophile, commonly observed in this substitution process. Tertiary Alkyl Halide
A substrate with three alkyl groups attached to the carbon bearing the leaving group, favoring carbocation stability. Rate-Determining Step
The slowest stage in a reaction sequence, here being the dissociation to form a carbocation. Trigonal Planar Geometry
A flat, three-bonded arrangement around a central atom, characteristic of carbocation intermediates. Substitution Product
The final molecule formed when a nucleophile replaces a leaving group on the substrate. Transition State
A high-energy, non-isolatable configuration; in this mechanism, replaced by a true intermediate. Alkyl Group
A hydrocarbon fragment attached to the reactive center, increasing carbocation stability with greater substitution. First-Order Reaction
A process where the reaction rate depends linearly on the concentration of only one reactant.
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