What is the major product of each of the following reactions?
c.

In organic chemistry, acid-base reactions involve the transfer of protons (H+) between molecules. In this case, HCl acts as a strong acid, donating a proton to the hydroxyl group (-OH) of cyclohexanol, which leads to the formation of a better leaving group, water. Understanding this concept is crucial for predicting the outcome of reactions involving alcohols and acids.

The formation of carbocations is a key step in many organic reactions, including the reaction of alcohols with acids. The stability of the carbocation intermediate influences the major product formed. Tertiary carbocations are more stable than secondary or primary ones, so the reaction pathway will favor the formation of the most stable carbocation, which ultimately determines the major product.

Nucleophilic substitution reactions involve the replacement of a leaving group by a nucleophile. In the context of the reaction shown, after protonation of the alcohol, the resulting water molecule leaves, allowing a nucleophile (like chloride ion from HCl) to attack the carbocation. This process is essential for understanding how the final product is formed from the initial reactants.