Skip to main content
Ch 43: Nuclear Physics
Young & Freedman Calc - University Physics 15th Edition
Young & Freedman Calc15th EditionUniversity PhysicsISBN: 9780135159552Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoYoung & Freedman Calc 15th EditionCh 43: Nuclear PhysicsProblema 37
Capitolo 42, Problema 37

In a diagnostic x-ray procedure, 5.00×10105.00\(\times\)10^{10} photons are absorbed by tissue with a mass of 0.6000.600 kg. The x-ray wavelength is 0.0200 0.0200 nm.
(a) What is the total energy absorbed by the tissue?
(b) What is the equivalent dose in rem?

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Step 1: Calculate the energy of a single photon using the formula \( E = \frac{hc}{\lambda} \), where \( h \) is Planck's constant (\( 6.626 \times 10^{-34} \ \text{J·s} \)), \( c \) is the speed of light (\( 3.00 \times 10^8 \ \text{m/s} \)), and \( \lambda \) is the wavelength of the x-ray (\( 0.0200 \ \text{nm} = 0.0200 \times 10^{-9} \ \text{m} \)). Substitute the values to find the energy of one photon.
Step 2: Multiply the energy of a single photon by the total number of photons absorbed (\( 5.00 \times 10^{10} \)) to calculate the total energy absorbed by the tissue. Use the formula \( E_{\text{total}} = E_{\text{photon}} \times N \), where \( N \) is the number of photons.
Step 3: To calculate the equivalent dose in rem, first determine the absorbed dose in grays (Gy). Use the formula \( D = \frac{E_{\text{total}}}{m} \), where \( E_{\text{total}} \) is the total energy absorbed (in joules) and \( m \) is the mass of the tissue (\( 0.600 \ \text{kg} \)). This gives the absorbed dose in joules per kilogram, which is equivalent to grays (1 Gy = 1 J/kg).
Step 4: Convert the absorbed dose in grays to the equivalent dose in sieverts (Sv) by multiplying by the radiation weighting factor (\( W_R \)). For x-rays, \( W_R = 1 \), so the equivalent dose in sieverts is the same as the absorbed dose in grays.
Step 5: Convert the equivalent dose from sieverts to rem by using the conversion factor \( 1 \ \text{Sv} = 100 \ \text{rem} \). Multiply the equivalent dose in sieverts by 100 to find the equivalent dose in rem.

Risposta video verificata per un problema simile:

Questa soluzione video è stata consigliata dai nostri tutor come utile per risolvere questo problema.
Durata del video:
4m

Concetti chiave

Ecco i concetti essenziali che devi comprendere per rispondere correttamente alla domanda.

Photon Energy

The energy of a photon is determined by its wavelength and can be calculated using the formula E = hc/λ, where E is energy, h is Planck's constant, c is the speed of light, and λ is the wavelength. In this context, the x-ray wavelength of 0.0200 nm is crucial for determining the energy of each photon absorbed by the tissue.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
04:10
Intro to Energy & Types of Energy

Total Energy Absorbed

The total energy absorbed by the tissue can be found by multiplying the energy of a single photon by the total number of photons absorbed. This is expressed mathematically as Total Energy = Number of Photons × Energy per Photon. This calculation is essential for understanding the impact of the x-ray exposure on the tissue.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
04:54
Total Internal Energy

Equivalent Dose

Equivalent dose is a measure of the biological effect of radiation on human tissue, expressed in rem or sieverts. It accounts for the type of radiation and its impact on different tissues. To calculate the equivalent dose, the absorbed dose (in gray) is multiplied by a quality factor that reflects the relative biological effectiveness of the radiation type, which is important for assessing health risks.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
03:44
Find Equivalent Capacitance #1
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo

Measurements on a certain isotope tell you that the decay rate decreases from 83188318 decays/min to 30913091 decays/min in 4.004.00 days. What is the half-life of this isotope?

1589
views
Domanda del libro di testo

Calculate the energy released in the fusion reaction: 23He+12H→24He+11H_2^3He+_1^2H\(\rightarrow\)_2^4He+_1^1H

1791
views
Domanda del libro di testo

It has become popular for some people to have yearly whole-body scans (CT scans, formerly called CAT scans) using x rays, just to see if they detect anything suspicious. A number of medical people have recently questioned the advisability of such scans, due in part to the radiation they impart. Typically, one such scan gives a dose of 1212 mSv, applied to the whole body. By contrast, a chest x ray typically administers 0.200.20 mSv to only 5.05.0 kg of tissue. How many chest x rays would deliver the same total amount of energy to the body of a 7575-kg person as one whole-body scan?

1297
views
Domanda del libro di testo

At an archeological site, a sample from timbers containing 500500 g of carbon provides 26902690 decays/min. What is the age of the sample?

1144
views