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Which of the following psychologists was most interested in studying learned behavior within the framework of behaviorism?
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1. Introduction to Psychology
Behaviorism
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Which of the following was NOT advocated by John B. Watson in his approach to behaviorism?
A
All human behavior is a result of conditioning and environmental influences.
B
The study of consciousness and mental states is essential to understanding behavior.
C
Psychology should focus on observable behavior rather than introspection.
D
Emotional responses can be conditioned in humans through specific stimuli.
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Step 1: Understand the core principles of John B. Watson's behaviorism. Watson emphasized that psychology should be an objective science focused on observable behavior, rejecting introspection and the study of consciousness.
Step 2: Review each statement in the problem and compare it to Watson's principles. For example, Watson believed that all human behavior is a result of conditioning and environmental influences, so that statement aligns with his views.
Step 3: Identify the statement that contradicts Watson's approach. Watson did not advocate for studying consciousness and mental states because he considered them unobservable and outside the scope of scientific psychology.
Step 4: Confirm that the other statements, such as focusing on observable behavior and conditioning emotional responses, are consistent with Watson's behaviorism.
Step 5: Conclude that the statement about the study of consciousness and mental states being essential is NOT advocated by Watson, as it conflicts with his behaviorist framework.
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