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In the context of emotion in psychology, how does Ponyboy feel about the possibility that Johnny may die, and is his reaction considered realistic according to psychological theories of coping with grief?
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9. Emotion and Motivation
Emotion
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Which of the following effects on the body is least likely to occur when a person gets angry?
A
Muscle tension
B
Increase in blood pressure
C
Decrease in heart rate
D
Release of stress hormones
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Step 1: Understand the physiological responses typically associated with anger. Anger usually triggers the body's 'fight or flight' response, activating the sympathetic nervous system.
Step 2: Identify common effects of sympathetic activation, which include increased muscle tension, elevated blood pressure, and the release of stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol.
Step 3: Recognize that during anger, the heart rate generally increases to pump more blood and oxygen to muscles, preparing the body for action.
Step 4: Compare the options given: muscle tension, increase in blood pressure, release of stress hormones, and decrease in heart rate. Consider which one contradicts the typical sympathetic response.
Step 5: Conclude that a decrease in heart rate is least likely during anger because it is opposite to the expected increase caused by sympathetic nervous system activation.
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