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Ch. 6 - Confidence Intervals
Larson - Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World 8th Edition
Larson8th EditionElementary Statistics: Picturing the WorldISBN: 9780137493470Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 6, Problema 6.2.12

In Exercises 9–12, construct the indicated confidence interval for the population mean μ using the t-distribution. Assume the population is normally distributed.
c = 0.99, xbar = 24.7, s = 4.6, n = 50

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Identify the given values: The confidence level (c) is 0.99, the sample mean (x̄) is 24.7, the sample standard deviation (s) is 4.6, and the sample size (n) is 50.
Determine the degrees of freedom (df) for the t-distribution. The formula is df = n - 1. Substitute n = 50 into the formula to calculate df.
Find the critical t-value (t*) corresponding to the confidence level (c = 0.99) and the degrees of freedom (df). Use a t-distribution table or statistical software to find this value.
Calculate the margin of error (ME) using the formula: ME = t* × (s / √n). Substitute the values of t*, s = 4.6, and n = 50 into the formula.
Construct the confidence interval for the population mean (μ) using the formula: CI = x̄ ± ME. Substitute x̄ = 24.7 and the calculated ME into the formula to find the lower and upper bounds of the confidence interval.

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Confidence Interval

A confidence interval is a range of values, derived from sample statistics, that is likely to contain the population parameter (like the mean) with a specified level of confidence. For example, a 99% confidence interval suggests that if we were to take many samples and construct intervals in the same way, approximately 99% of those intervals would contain the true population mean.
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Introduction to Confidence Intervals

t-Distribution

The t-distribution is a type of probability distribution that is symmetric and bell-shaped, similar to the normal distribution, but has heavier tails. It is used instead of the normal distribution when the sample size is small (typically n < 30) or when the population standard deviation is unknown, making it particularly useful for constructing confidence intervals for the mean.
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Critical Values: t-Distribution

Sample Mean and Standard Deviation

The sample mean (x̄) is the average of a set of sample data points, providing an estimate of the population mean (μ). The sample standard deviation (s) measures the dispersion of the sample data around the mean. In constructing a confidence interval, both the sample mean and standard deviation are crucial for determining the range of values that likely contains the population mean.
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Calculating Standard Deviation