Graph each function. See Examples 1 and 2. ƒ(x) = -3|x|

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Recognize that the function ƒ(x) = -3|x| is a transformation of the basic absolute value function ƒ(x) = |x|, which has a V-shaped graph with its vertex at the origin (0,0).

Understand that the absolute value function |x| outputs the distance of x from zero, so it is always non-negative. Multiplying by -3 will reflect the graph across the x-axis and stretch it vertically by a factor of 3.

Start by plotting key points of the basic function |x|, such as (0,0), (1,1), and (-1,1). Then apply the transformation to these points by multiplying their y-values by -3, resulting in (0,0), (1,-3), and (-1,-3).

Draw the graph by connecting these transformed points with straight lines, forming a V-shape opening downward because of the negative coefficient.

Label the vertex at the origin and note the slope of the lines on either side of the vertex: the left side has slope 3 (since the original slope -1 is multiplied by -3), and the right side has slope -3.

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Absolute Value Function

The absolute value function, denoted |x|, outputs the non-negative value of x, making all inputs positive or zero. Its graph is a V-shaped curve with the vertex at the origin, reflecting values symmetrically about the y-axis.

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Evaluate Composite Functions - Values Not on Unit Circle

Vertical Stretch and Reflection

Multiplying a function by a constant affects its graph's shape. A factor of -3 vertically stretches the graph by 3 times and reflects it across the x-axis, flipping the V-shape upside down and making it steeper.

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Stretches and Shrinks of Functions

Graphing Piecewise Functions

Absolute value functions can be expressed as piecewise linear functions, which helps in plotting. For ƒ(x) = -3|x|, the graph consists of two linear parts: y = -3x for x ≥ 0 and y = 3x for x < 0, joined at the vertex.

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