Skip to main content
뒤로

Anatomy & Physiology: Basic Concepts and Tissue Types

컨트롤 버튼이 '내비게이션' 모드로 변경되었습니다.
1/31

이 집합의 용어 (31)

  • Anatomical position

    The standard body position used as a reference: standing upright, feet together, arms at sides, palms facing forward, and head facing forward.

  • Pairs of directional terms

    Examples include superior/inferior, anterior/posterior, medial/lateral, and proximal/distal.

  • Body planes

    The three main planes are sagittal (divides left and right), frontal (coronal) (divides front and back), and transverse (divides top and bottom).

  • Body cavities

    Major cavities include the dorsal cavity (cranial and vertebral) and the ventral cavity (thoracic and abdominopelvic).

  • Serous membrane structure

    Consists of two layers: the parietal layer lining the cavity wall and the visceral layer covering the organ, with serous fluid between.

  • Serous membranes in body cavities

    Examples: pleura in thoracic cavity, pericardium around the heart, and peritoneum in the abdominopelvic cavity.

  • Abdominopelvic quadrants

    Four quadrants: right upper, left upper, right lower, and left lower, used to locate organs.

  • Definition of tissue

    A group of similar cells that perform a common function.

  • Four tissue types in the body

    Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues.

  • Five common characteristics of epithelial tissue

    Cellularity, polarity, attachment to basement membrane, avascularity, and regeneration.

  • Epithelial tissue classification by shape and layers

    Shapes: squamous, cuboidal, columnar. Layers: simple (one layer), stratified (multiple layers).

  • Simple squamous epithelium function and location

    Function: diffusion and filtration. Location: alveoli of lungs and lining blood vessels.

  • Simple cuboidal epithelium function and location

    Function: secretion and absorption. Location: kidney tubules and glands.

  • Simple columnar epithelium function and location

    Function: absorption and secretion. Location: lining of the digestive tract.

  • Stratified squamous epithelium types and function

    Nonkeratinized protects moist surfaces; keratinized protects dry surfaces like skin.

  • Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium function and location

    Function: secretion and movement of mucus. Location: respiratory tract lining.

  • Three types of cell junctions

    Tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions.

  • Common components of connective tissue

    Cells, extracellular protein fibers, and ground substance.

  • Areolar connective tissue function and location

    Function: cushions organs. Location: beneath epithelial tissues.

  • Adipose tissue function and location

    Function: stores energy and insulates. Location: under skin and around organs.

  • Dense regular connective tissue function and location

    Function: resists tension in one direction. Location: tendons and ligaments.

  • Hyaline cartilage function and location

    Function: supports and cushions joints. Location: nose, trachea, and ends of long bones.

  • Bone tissue function and location

    Function: supports and protects body. Location: skeleton.

  • Blood tissue function and location

    Function: transports nutrients and gases. Location: within blood vessels.

  • Three types of muscle tissue

    Skeletal (voluntary, striated), cardiac (involuntary, striated), and smooth (involuntary, non-striated).

  • Skeletal muscle function and location

    Function: voluntary movement. Location: attached to bones.

  • Cardiac muscle function and location

    Function: pumps blood. Location: heart wall.

  • Smooth muscle function and location

    Function: moves substances through organs. Location: walls of hollow organs.

  • Neuron definition

    A nerve cell that transmits electrical signals.

  • Parts of a neuron

    Cell body, dendrites, and axon.

  • Nervous tissue function and location

    Function: transmits electrical impulses. Location: brain, spinal cord, and nerves.